Developing Teamwork in Project Management

Creating Teamwork in Project Management To accomplish expressed objectives and targets individuals in associations work in groups. These groups experience different stages. The degree to which venture authority achievement or disappointment, identifies with the phases of groups arrangement, in the compatibility of these objectives and targets are not satisfactory cut as past inquires about have offered isolated input and getting different elements dispute. This task will present the idea of group arrangement and venture initiative and fundamentally talk about the degree to which the phases of group development identify with the achievement or disappointment of undertaking authority. Presentation To fundamentally assess how the phases of group arrangement identify with the achievement or disappointment of task initiative, Tuckmans group building model which clarify the five shaping, raging, norming, performing and deferring phases of the group arrangement (if you don't mind see supplement 1) and Blanchards situational administration model which clarify the four authority styles that a pioneer ought to receive during the group advancement circumstances will be assessed as the group conduct and authority style can be plainly found in these two models. Tuckmans model accentuation that as the group creates, the pioneer changes administration style. At the framing stage a fruitful pioneer follow a coordinating style which is like telling stage depicted in situational administration model, at the raging stage pioneer mentors their group to come out from the contention which is like the selling period of the situational initiative style model, at the norming stage the pioneer encour ages its group to create measures which is like the taking part period of the situational authority model, at the performing stage pioneer delegate undertaking to the individuals and nearly disconnected which is like the designating phase of the situational authority model. Tuckmans group building model Blanchards situational authority model Conversation The various phases of group building and their connection to the achievement or inability to the venture administration are clarified as follow: Stage 1 Forming: At this stage the group at first shaped, the colleagues meet one another; distinguish the reason for the group, terms of reference and its structure. Colleagues attempt to test one another, build up their own personality and make an impression inside the gathering with most thought given to structure of the group, set of accepted rules, targets, singular jobs and duties. In the event that the group is increasingly different, it is progressively hard for the group to move through as this stage takes longer. Along these lines, in the arrangement of multicultural groups it is an especially delicate stage as it is portrayed by shared trait, politeness, alert and disarray. To take the group to the performing stage initiative is urgent. Colleagues won't be agreeable if there is absence of clearness. On the off chance that a pioneer couldn't immediate the colleagues adequately, group would not ready to arrive at the following phases of the group development; along these lines this stage impacts the achievement or disappointment of the undertaking administration. At the point when colleagues genuinely consider that they are the piece of a group, by and large this stage is finished. Part skills required: Initiative abilities required: Asking open-finished inquiries Keeping up value and being reasonable Tuning in without making presumptions and decisions Helping the gathering to explain its motivation and superseding objective Watching bunch examples of correspondence Encouraging conversations Utilizing comprehensive correspondence designs Mediating to incorporate all Uncovering ones needs fittingly Stage 2 Storming: This period of group improvement is normally set apart by strife between colleagues, analysis and pressure. Strife emerges because of the contending ways to deal with acquire the gatherings objectives, contradictions over obligations and suitable undertaking related conduct. Colleagues may differ about who ought to be driving the group and how much force the group chief ought to have and can bring about reclassifying of the groups by and large objectives and explicit errands. Colleagues are probably going to exclusively choose their degree of responsibility to the gathering errands and degree, to which they like the group assignments, in this manner may oppose the control forced by the group. At raging stage the colleagues may start to pull back, accordingly this stage identifies with the achievement or disappointment of the undertaking administration. On the off chance that pioneers mentor their groups viably, groups can continue to the following stage. Subsequently this stage is a basic stage for the gathering endurance and viability as the contention hurts the group progress and contrarily influences some relational relationship. At the point when groups control is no longer opposed by the colleagues and everybody in the group concur about who will lead the group, this raging stage is finished. Part abilities required: Administration abilities required: Utilizing comprehensive language and practices Building up a settled upon work plan Overseeing enthusiastic articulation Utilizing intercession abilities Giving and getting input fittingly Utilizing different strategies for criticism and strife change Stage 3 Norming: At this stage standards and assumptions regarding what various individuals are liable for doing are acknowledge and create as the group outlines task measures, create intra bunch cohesiveness and build up principles, rules and guidelines. Colleagues truly begin to feel their assets to the group and the improvement of close binds with other colleagues. In this manner this period of group advancement is described by: responsibility, joint effort, collaboration and union as colleagues endeavors to commonly concur upon targets and objectives, acknowledge distinctive feeling and attempt to open trade of data. Sentiment of things and kinship to group, help to move in the direction of group objectives. At the norming stage the pioneer encourages and empowers their group to build up the measures and reach to the performing stage. Before the finish of this stage, measures to direct conduct in the gathering are concurred by the colleagues. This stage is like the partaking phase of the situational authority model. On the off chance that the pioneer doesn't take an interest to set up guidelines, the group may build up their own measures and standards which may me in spite of the venture by and large destinations and lead to the task authority disappointment. At this stage the significant choices are regularly made by the colleagues together and the minor choices might be agent to the people. Part abilities required: Administration skills required: Showing support on task and seeing someone Fortifying elevated requirements for task Perceiving individual and social contrasts in how gratefulness is appeared Training where required Stage 4 Performing: This is the phase at which genuine work is done, colleagues know their job and obligations and playing out their work as indicated by the desires. Colleagues focus on the accomplishment of shared objectives and targets. At some point it can take long to reach to the performing stage, much of the time when they are self-guided work groups. Colleagues gain ground towards shared objectives and feel great working inside their jobs. This stage is set apart by thought among individuals, inventiveness challenge and gathering cognizance. At this stage the camaraderie is high and group has a decent capacity to concentrate on the assignment as relationship issues have been settled. At the performing stage the group may deliver another replacement head. At this stage the colleagues needn't bother with help and directions, however they need assigned errands from the pioneer. Thusly at this stage chief representatives, watches and nearly disconnect, this stage is like the designating phase of the situational authority model. This is the primary stage where genuine work will occur; designation of wrong assignments to wrong individual may prompt task initiative disappointment. Part capabilities required: Authority capabilities required: Adjusting and evolving Building up a procedure for fusing change and reestablishment Counting new individuals Sharing authority Stage 5 Reforming or Adjourning: At this stage a team groups disbands after the satisfaction of its objectives or because of horrible showing. Be that as it may, a few groups are lasting (continuous work groups), subsequently may not reach to the suspending arrange and frequently stay to the performing stage. This last stage can be portrayed by correspondence, conclusion, bargain and accord. The suspending stage isn't the fundamental errand of building up a group, however this stage is extremely pertinent to the colleagues. Stage Initiative Activity Shaping Direct the group and set up goals obviously by arranging standard procedures. Raging Set up procedure and structure, and work to smooth clash and fabricate great connections between colleagues. For the most part offer help, particularly to those colleagues who are less secure. Stay positive and firm despite difficulties. Clarify shaping, raging, norming and performing thought for individuals to comprehend why clashes happening, and that things will improve later on. Showing confidence and compromise aptitudes. Norming Help the group assume liability for progress towards the objective by organizing a social, or a group building occasion. Performing Representative quite far. When the group has accomplished elite, the point presently is to have as light a touch as conceivable by concentrating on different objectives and territories of work. Deferring When effectively accomplished the targets time ought to be taken to praise the accomplishments. The above table unmistakably portray the connection between the phases of group development and effective undertaking administration, the opposite will mean disappointment. 4. End Groups are shaped on the grounds that they can accomplish unmistakably beyond what their individual individuals can all alone, and keeping in mind that being a piece of a high-performing group can be fun, it can take persistence and polished methodology to

Capital Punishment Injustice of Society Essay Example For Students

The death penalty: Injustice of Society Essay Paying special mind to the condition of the publics fulfillment in the plan ofcapital condemning doesn't comprise serving equity. Todays framework ofcapital discipline is loaded with imbalances and shameful acts. The commonlyoffered contentions for capital punishment are loaded up with gaps. It was adeterrent. It evacuated executioners. It was a definitive discipline. It is scriptural. It fulfilled the publics requirement for retaliation. It alleviated the anguish of thevictims family.(Grisham 120) Realistically, forcing capital punishment isexpensive and tedious. Retroactively, it presently can't seem to be demonstrated as adeterrent. Ethically, it is a continuation of the pattern of viciousness anddegrades all who are engaged with its implementation, just as itsvictim.(Stewart 1)Perhaps the most successive contention for the death penalty is that ofdeterrence. The predominant idea is that inconvenience of capital punishment willact to deter different crooks from submitting vicious acts. Various studieshave been made endeavoring to demonstrate this conviction; in any case, all the evidencetaken together makes it difficult to be sure that death penalty dissuades morethan long jail terms do.(Cavanagh 4) Going ever farther, Bryan Stevenson,the official chief of the Montgomery based Equal Justice Initiative, hasstated that, individuals are progressively understanding that the more we resort tokilling as a real reaction to our disappointment and outrage with brutality, themore rough our general public becomesWe could execute each of the 3,000 individuals ondeath column, and the vast majority would not feel any more secure tomorrow.(Frame 51) Inaddition, with the developing philanthropy of present day society, the number ofinmates really put to death is generously lower than 50 years back. Thisdecline makes a circumstance wherein capital punishment stops to be a deterrentwhen the masses starts to believe that one can pull off a wrongdoing and gounpunished. Likewise, the less that capital punishment is utilized, the more it becomesunusual, in this manner coming in struggle with the eighth amendment. This is essentiallya Catch 22, in which the less capital punishment is utilized, the less society canlegally use it. The final product is a discipline that stops to deflect any crimeat all. The key piece of capital punishment is that it includes demise somethingwhich is somewhat lasting for people, because of the idea of mortality. Thiscreates a significant issue when there keep on being numerous cases of innocentpeople being condemned to death.(Tabak 38) In our legitimate framework, there existnumerous manners by which equity may be inadequately served for a beneficiary of thedeath sentence. Chief is in the treatment of his own protection counsel. In theevent that a litigant is without counsel, a legal advisor will be given. Lawyers selected to speak to poverty stricken capital litigants regularly lackthe characteristics important to give an able safeguard and once in a while haveexhibited such poor character that they have in this manner been disbarred.(Tabak37). With installment tops or court decided entireties of, for instance, $5 an hour,there isn't a lot of motivating force for a legal advisor to spend a lot of timerepresenting a capital respondent. At the point w hen you contrast this with the indictment, helped by the police, other law authorization offices, investigative labs, state mentalhospitals, different other logical assets, investigators experienced insuccessfully taking care of capital cases, obligatory procedure, and fantastic juries(Tabak 37), the resistance that the court selected advice can offer is weak. On the off chance that, indeed, a respondent has a substantial case to offer, what chance has he to offerit and have it appropriately perceived. Moreover, for what reason should he be rebuffed fora misjustice that was made by the court itself when it named theincapable legal advisor. .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f , .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f .postImageUrl , .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f , .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f:hover , .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f:visited , .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f:active { border:0!important; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f:active , .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f .focused content region { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content design: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .udd6757b9f 2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .udd6757b9f2922b01b8f0ccbe7a2b418f:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Cheating EssayEven if a litigant has legitimate lawful advice, there is as yet the matterof fair-mindedness of judges. The Supreme Court has consistently decreased theavailability of habeas corpus audit of capital feelings, setting itsconfidence in the thought that state judges, who make a similar vow of office asfederal judges to maintain the Constitution, can be trusted to authorize it.(Bright768) This makes for the one-sided attempting of a litigants advances, given theoverwhelming pressure on chose state judges to notice, and maybe even lead to,the famous sobs for the passing of criminal defendants.(Bright 769) Thirty-t woof the states that force capital punishment likewise utilize the well known political decision ofjudges, and a few of these even have makes a decision about run with party affiliations. Thiscreates a profoundly political equity framework the words alone are a Catch 22. Cansociety basically get over mixed up execution as a coincidental expense in the greaterscheme of putting a criminal to death?Revenge is a shameful thought process in our general public to pursue.(Whittier 1) In our general public, there is an incredible desire set on the group of a victimto seek after retribution to the most noteworthy degree capital punishment. Pat Bane,executive executive of the Murder Victims Families for Reconciliation (MVFR)stated, One parent disclosed to me that individuals caused her to feel like she was selling out herson in light of the fact that she would not like to slaughter the individual who killed him.(Frame 50) This makes a situation of profound quality. On the off chance that anyt hing, by driving families to seekthe capital punishment, their own still, small voices will be troubled by the demise of thekiller. Besides, executing him won't bring back your sons.(Grisham402). Sooner or later, man must stop the viciousness. Looking for temporarygratification is definitely not a coherent reason for whether capital punishment ought to beimposed. Without a doubt, vengeance is effectively mistaken for retaliation, and most wouldagree that the discipline should fit the wrongdoing, yet can culture truly justifymurdering another person basically on the premise that they merited it? Governmenthas the privilege and obligation to ensure more prominent's benefit against individuals who jeopardizethe government assistance of society, yet an executioner can be condemned to existence without chance ofparole, and society will be similarly as sheltered as though he had been executed. A tremendous misguided judgment concerning capital punishment is that it savessociety the expenses of keeping detainees detained for significant stretches. In the demonstration ofpreserving fair treatment of equity, the court advances engaged with the deathpenalty turns into a since quite a while ago, drawn-out and over the top expensive procedure. The normal timebetween condemning and execution for the 31 detainees put waiting for capital punishment in 1992was 114 months, or nine and a half years.(Stewart 50) Criminal justiceprocess costs, preliminary court costs, redrafting and post-conviction costs, andprison costs maybe including years served waiting for capital punishment anticipating execution by and large, the additional expenses per capital punishment forced in over a quarter milliondollars, and per execution surpasses $2 million. (Cavanagh 4) When you comparethis to the normal expenses for a multi year jail term for first degree murder(roughly $330 thousand), the expense of taking care of somebody forever is an arrangement. Is it extremely worth the problem and cash to kill a lawbreaker, when we can put themaway for life for less cash with significantly more ease?In prior timeswhere the death penalty was normal, the estimation of lifewas less, and social orders were more barbariccapital discipline was probablyquite worthy. In any case, in todays society, which is getting ever moreincreasingly philanthropic, and singular rights and fair treatment of equity areheld in high accord, capital punishment is turning into a ridiculous structure ofpunishment. Additionally, with the ever-present chance of mixed up execution,there will remain the subject of blamelessness of those p ut to death. At long last, manis not a perfect being. He doesn't reserve the privilege to incur mortal punishmentin the name of societys wel

Doing Business in Europe :: Essays Papers

Working together in Europe 1. Basic Market The main section manages the definition and pecularities of the purported Common Market, framed from nations of European Union. The Common Market encases European Union of Coal and Steel, European Economic Union and European Nuclear Energy Union. Since 1967 the European Union has the accompanying non-national and intergovernmental bodies: Cabinet of Ministers, Commission of European Unions, European Parliament and Council of European Unions. Before the 1970, the nations of European Union were supporting the financial plan of European Union at the expense of their national spending plans. Since April 1970, the Common Market holds its own assets autonomously from financial plans of supporting nations. This reality makes the authoritative assortments of European Union free. 2. Expense System Basic to Europe and all the world is the duty framework which incorporates all or the majority of the accompanying duties: Income charge, Corporation charge, Trade charge, Turnover charge, Property charge, Heritage charge, Purchase of Land charge. 3. Global Concerns, Transnational Corporations and their approaches These remember the clear legislative issues for the field of gainfulness of outside branches. The strategy is intended to increase high benefits in nations with nearly low expenses, and in the nations with high duties the amassed benefit must be lower. The shared objective of transnational organizations is, obviously, to safeguard the liquidity and benefit of outside branches. In this way such branches are required to send certain data to the primary office every month or each quarter. 4. World Currency System European Market is an aggregate of money tasks which are done at the free world market outside of local nation. The universal money phrasing recognizes such cash advertises as: cash markets, where the exchange of remote monetary forms is done inside the nation of origin, and the euromarket, where the exchange of outside monetary standards is done outside of the nation of origin. 5. Instructions to Sell in Western Market Regular conditions for progress resemble a lot of rules. The primary standard states: it is relatively simple to deliver something, however selling it is a difficult assignment. The primary guideline of endurance for maker is to create merchandise that can be sold, not to sell what the organization produces. The regular conditions for endurance available incorporate high caliber of the item, quick and modest help, palatable guarantee period, and great showcasing. Here the social contrasts must be thought of, along with the data about related knowledge is selling the specific item inside and outside of the nation of origin, attitude contrasts, pace of progress, culture esteems, religion.

Election Commission in India Free Essays

A decent constituent framework is, in this manner, the bed rock of veritable agent government. The designers of the Indian constitution joined the most noteworthy noteworthiness to arzon-subordinate discretionary apparatus for the lead of decisions. For this it was essential that an autonomous political race commission with its huge stuff ought to be set-up in nation such a commission could guarantee reasonable and free appointment of the delegates of the pie at all levels. We will compose a custom article test on Political race Commission in India or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Articles 324, Dr. Ambedkar battled, â€Å"proposed incorporate the political race hardware in hands of a solitary commission, be helped by local magistrates working under the management course control of the political race commission and not and under e control of the state government as conceived before. † Composition of the Election Commission: Of the four mainstays of the Indian constitution, the Election commission is one, the other three being the Supreme Court, the open assistance commission and the specialist and Auditor General of India. On the Election commission depends the honesty of political race, which genuinely is the oxygen of popular government. Subsequently saw, its autonomy d unprejudiced nature expect basic significance to the country’s whole political framework. To guarantee free and reasonable and fair-minded decisions, the constitution builds up the Election Commission, a body independent in character and liberated from political orenecutive impact. The commission is an All India body having purview over, decisions to parliament, destiny Legislatures, workplaces of the president and VP. The Election Commission comprises of the Chief Election Commissioner, and such number of Election Commissioners if any as the president may fix every once in a while. The Chief Election Commissioner remains at the pinnacle of the chain of importance of the Election Commission of India. Every one of these magistrates are designated by the president subject to the arrangements of any law ordered by parliament for the reason. The Chief Election Commissioner goes about as the administrator of the Election Commission . n case some other Election Commissioner other than him is named. The residency of the Chief Election Commissioner is free of the official tact, for he can't be expelled from his of face aside from in the like way and on the like grounds as an appointed authority of the Supreme Court. The states of administration of the Chief Election Commissioner can't be fluctuated to his disservice after his arrangement. The president additionally declared a law changing the Chief Electio n Commissioner and ther Election Commissioner Act accommodating consistent exchange of business and choices however in the event of contrasts of supposition among the three individuals the issue will be concluded â€Å"according to the assessment of the greater part. † The Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioner Act, 1991 as existed before the issue of mandate was said something favor of the main political race magistrate on dynamic in the event of contrasts among the individuals from the commission. The constitution accommodates a solitary part or multimember Election Commission. Where there is more than one I individuals the CEC goes about as its administrator. The board of trustees on Electoral Reforms has made certain proposals as to the things and states of administration Of the Chief Election Commissioner and the other Election Commissioners. Subsequent to having examined those suggestions the central Election Commissioners of India states of administration rules 1972 were revised with contemplative, impact from first January 1986. The Chief Election Commissioner of India won't be qualified for the compensation and different offices, similar to lease free settlement, equivalery to that of an appointed authority of Supreme Court. The term of his office has additionally been broadened upto 6 years, from the date he expect office or till the day he at his the age of 65 years. To help the Chief Election Commissioner in the presentation of his grave obligations there exists a huge gear of the officials and the staff subordinate to him. Among them is the local chief. Delegate Election Commissioner, secretary, Under secretary, Research officials and so on. In the spot of the territorial magistrates another post of Deputy Election Commissioner was made in the Election Commission without precedent for 1956. Since he Deputy Chief Election Commissioner is selected by the president and is typically sent on assignment, he can be reviewed by the focal govt, in line with the central Election Commissioner whenever. At the state or the association domain level there is the Chief Election official as the boss in the Electoral apparatus. He is named by the Election Commission in interview with the state Govt. He is normally a senior official or legal official of the state Government. He is helped by the joint delegate or aide Chief Election officials just as the remainder of the staff selected by him in conference with the state government. He might be an entire time or low maintenance official. At the locale level the appointive obligations are released by the District official or the Executive Officer notwithstanding his ordinary authoritative everyday practice. The obligation regarding the arrangement and update of discretionary rolls is refreshed in an official called the Electoral Registration official. He may have under him Assistant Electoral Registration officials. The political decision in each supporters is administered by an official known as the returning official selected by the Election commission in meeting with the govt, of the state. A similar official can be named as returning official r more than one bodies electorate. He is helped by at least one aide Returning Officers so assigned by the Election Commission. The staff comprising of managing and surveying officials, for the genuine gather information is delegated by the District Election official. The District Election Officer may name a managing official for each surveying station and such surveying officials are important. The managing official maintains control of the pooling station and guarantees the reasonable gather information. Capacities and forces of the Election Commission: The Election Commission of India needs to perform diverse obligations doled out to it under the constitution. A portion of the chief elements of the commission are: (1) Demarcation of voting public: To encourage the procedure of races a nation must be partitioned into a few bodies electorate. The assignment of delimiting electorates is for the most part performed by a delimitation commission. Be that as it may, the ability to delimit parliamentary and gathering voting demographics for the first broad races in quite a while presented on the president. The Election Commission circulated the seats area insightful in every single one of the states and guided the Chief Electoral Officers to get ready proposition for the physical boundary of voting public as indicated by the endorsed models. The system embraced in the delimitation of bodies electorate in 1951 prompted a virtual force in the hands of the decision gathering to choose the shapes of the voting public as it fit its structures. The relationship of parliamentary Advisory boards with the delimitation commission gave top need to political thought. The Election Commission unequivocally argued for removing this force from the parliament. The Delimitation commission was to comprise of three individuals, two of whom were to be designated by the president from serving or resigned judges of the Supreme Court or High Courts while the Chief Election Commissioner was to be an ex-officio part. (2) Electoral Rolls: The second significant yet dull capacity of the Election Commission is to get ready for recognizable proof the upto date rundown of the considerable number of people who are entitled for casting a ballot at the survey. (3) Recognition of ideological groups and Allotment of Symbols: another part IV A has been added to the portrayal of the individuals Amendment Act, 1951 on enlistment of ideological groups. Segment 29 A currently embedded gives for enlistment the commission, of affiliations and assortments of individual residents of India as ideological groups for motivation behind this Act. This arrangement came into power from June 15, 1989. A perceived ideological group has been arranged either as a National Party or a state party under passage 7 of the Elections image request 1968. Another significant capacity of the Election Commissioner is to distribute images to the ideological groups and the up-and-comers, and furthermore to accord acknowledgment to the ideological groups. The commission has determined certain images as held and others as free. The saved images are just accessible for applicants supported by the ideological groups and the free images are similarly accessible to different up-and-comers. The Election Commission has capacity to mediate upon debates with respect to acknowledgment of ideological groups and opponent cases to a specific image for the motivations behind races. (4) Scrutiny of the Nomination Papers: Another capacity of the Election Commission is to inspect the assignment papers of the up-and-comers. These papers are acknowledged whether found all together, however dismissed something else. This obligation is performed by the returning official who informs to all the challenging up-and-comers the date, time and spot for the conventional examination of selection papers. The Returning official immediately however judicially looks at all the assignment papers and chooses the protest raised. He is additionally to see whether the imperative prerequisites of security store, political race image, political decision operator and so forth have likewise been satisfied. He is enabled to dismiss the designation papers either by maintaining the complaint raised by an opponent up-and-comer or on his own movement or any of the accompanying (a) that the applicant either isn't qualified or is precluded to fill the seat under any of the important protected arrangements viz. Article

The First Amendment And Freedom Of Speech - Free Essay Example

For the most part, freedom of speech is the freedom to speak on any subject. There is an exception to the First Amendment, and these categories are obscenity, child pornography, fighting words, speech integral to criminal conduct, and incitement to immediate unlawful action. They are not protected under the First Amendment, therefore are punishable based on content. The lack of protection from the First Amendment protects children from people trying to exploit them, protects a group or single person from injury due to incitement or fighting words, and protect individuals from blackmails and extortion. Context is very important component of speech. These categories have well-defined boundaries and there are more that are unprotected, but dont pertain to police officers. The Supreme Court took 15 years after obscenity was declared unprotected by the first Amendment to develop a constitutional definition. Obscenity is tested by the Miller test. This test shows obscenity if it appeal s to the prurient, which is defined as an interest in sex, of the average person, illustrates hard-core sexual acts, and lacks any literary, political, artistic, scientific, or other value. The Miller test identifies specific hard-core sexual acts that must be established before it is considered obscene. If a piece has value it is not considered obscene even if they portray sexual activity. Child pornography is excluded because of the need to protect children from being exploited and sexual abused. Child pornography does not have to appease the obscenity portion of the Miller test. The first legislation for child pornography was passed in 1977. Since then, Congress has toughened statutes on child protection laws. As the internet progressed, Congress began to talk about child pornography on computers. Allowing children to view pornography allows adults to entice children into sexual activity. Other concerns brought to Congress was it was a moral concern too. Congresss first action in this area was its passage of the Communications Decency Act of 1996 (CDA), which attempted to incorporate the Miller obscenity test and sought to limit the exposure of children to sexually explicit material on the Internet (Ward, para. 6). Fighting words are not excluded from the First Amendment for communicating ideas, insulting or offensive language. People have a right to say provocative things if they so choose. Fighting words are classified as to purely inflict injury, as the book stated. There are no set words that are automatically categorized as fighting words. Fighting words are highly debated, especially when it comes to police officers. The Supreme Court has made it unconstitutional to arrest someone who verbal attacks a police officers because they are trained to not react physical and therefore it would not be considered fighting words. The incitement to riot is depended upon if the words used in that situation creates a present danger. The Congress has a right to p revent such acts. The Supreme Court has said that for speech to lose First Amendment protection, it must be directed at a specific person or group and it must be a direct call to commit immediate lawless action (Incitement to Imminent, 2008). True threat is a speech that is meant to intimidate one or more specific people. The court does not have defined boundaries and have only used this defense in a couple of cases. One case in which true threat was upheld was Virginia v. Black. The Supreme Court stated that states could criminalize cross burning if they could prove it was a threat and not a form of expression. A stipulation with the true threat category is that it doesnt have to be proved that one intends to carry out the threat, but that one communicated a threat. One complication is that the Supreme Court has defined the level of intent that is required for prosecuting true threat. Considering the list of unprotected speech, I dont think I would add or take away any. They are all very valid with what I would deem acceptable. The First Amendment allows citizens to criticize the government and voice unpopular opinions and the very few stipulations to that law is warranted. The federal government passed a law to restrict freedom of speech in 1978. Congress thought that people would be sympathetic to France during the war, so the Sedition Act was passed. Many people were against the Sedition Act and it was never challenged before the Supreme Court. By 1801 the act expired, and Thomas Jefferson pardoned all those convicted under the law. The second attempt to restrict freedom of speech was in 1917 when Congress passed the Federal Espionage Act. This prohibited false statements that interfered with military forces of the country or promoted the success of enemy forces. The Supreme Courts first decision in the area of free speech was in the case of Schenck vs. the United States, in which Justice Holmes wrote the opinion which sided with the government. He s tated, When a nation is at war, many things that might be said in time of peace are such a hinderance to its efforts that their utterance will not be endured so long as men fight and that no Court could regard them as protected by any Constitutional right (Costly, para. 12). His view was limited to times of war, which clearly alter many different laws and government views. This one issue created many others, which raised the question what clear and present danger means and when it should stop people from saying certain things. The Supreme Court established the clear and present danger test in the 20th century to determine when speech is protected by the First Amendment (Parker, para. 1). The clear and present danger doctrine played a major role in the Constitutions beginning. It was placed to limit speech against the government. I think this is because government was so new that they wanted to make sure that everyone was on the same page and if they werent, make it to where they couldnt be heard without prosecution. In later years, Justice Holmes wrote, we should be eternally vigilant against attempts to check the expression of opinions . . . unless they so imminently threaten immediate interference with the lawful and pressing purpose of the law that an immediate check is required to save the country (Parker, para. 8). His statement was after the case of Abram v. United States. In 1937, the clear and present danger test was accepted and between 1940-1951 it was used to decide twelve cases. In 1951, the presence of gravity of evil was introduced in the revised clear and present danger. Judge Learned Hand of the Second Circuit Court of Appeals adapted the revision in United States v. Dennis: Clear and present danger depends upon whether the mischief of the repression is greater than the gravity of the evil, discounted by its improbability (Parker, para. 16). The clear and present danger test has been revised and interpreted different ways depending on ci rcumstances of the nation. The test is no longer used and is superseded by the imminent lawless action. The people didnt like the danger test because it made it where it depended on judicial findings. Then the balancing test was in place which weighed the interest of speech. References Costly, A. (n.d.). A Clear and Present Danger. Retrieved November 26, 2018 Incitement to Imminent Lawless Action. (2008, May 12). Retrieved November 26, 2018 Kanovitz, J. R. (2015). Constitutional Law for Criminal Justice. New York: Routledge. ONeill, K. F., Jr, D. L. (2017, June). The First Amendment Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 26, 2018 Parker, R. (n.d.). The First Amendment Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 26, 2018 Ward, Artemus. The First Amendment Encyclopedia. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798. Retrieved November 26,2018

Certitude, Ambiguity, and Miscalculation in White Teeth - Literature Essay Samples

In White Teeth, Zadie Smith develops characters who obsess over preciseness, categorizing, and decisions. This is why Samad’s punishment for making the sole decision to send their son off to Bangladesh is Alsana leaving him in a constant state of ambiguity. â€Å"â€Å"Maybe none, Samad Miah. Maybe all.† Alsana refuses to answer even the most trivial of Samad’s questions with certainty. The unknown drives Samad up the wall and even worse, his son comes back more â€Å"English† than â€Å"Bangladeshi† anyways, wrecking Samad’s hopes for one son coming out like he wanted and definitively proving his choice to send Magid incorrect. It seems like Smith’s book punishes those who seek purity in race or culture. The more characters strive towards precision and correct calculation, the more they are struck down by the book’s fate. In this paper I will primarily go through the characters of Samad, Archie, and Irie to identify their tend encies regarding certainty and analyse how that element of their personalities shapes them. I will relate these elements to how damned the characters are to show how the book makes the case for acceptance of fluidity over multiculturalism. As briefly shown in the previous paragraph, Samad Iqbal is determined to be sure. He is attached to the history surrounding his ancestors, deriving meaning from the past that controls who he is in the present. Samad is convinced that his great-grandfather, Pandes, was a hero in Bangladesh. He tells the war story to everyone and repeatedly, even begging Pandes’ picture to be hung up in a local bar. The more he gets into the story, the more those around him fact check it. Unfortunately for Samad, most historical evidence suggests that his great-grandfather was actually no hero at all. Despite the overwhelming facts, Samad desperately clings to the information he can to prove that his family was indeed great. His desire for the past reroutes him from living in the present, leading him to try to apply his roots to things that no longer exist (and never really did exist as we learn that Pande wasn’t the person Samad makes him out to be), failing him. The structure of the boo k itself also takes a shot at letting past control the present. In â€Å"Chance and Gesture in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth and The Autograph Man: A Model for Multicultural Identity?† Jonathan Sell writes that â€Å"[The novel’s] foregrounding of the present means that the past is rendered as background and stripped of its conventional prerogative to shape the present, while the usual cast-iron sequence from cause to effect melts into a more liquid and arbitrary relationship of analogy or serendipitous contingency† (2006). This interesting analysis also helps show how the book tries to transcend time, jumping around a lot but still moving forward on average. Marcus Chalfen is also for ruling out chance and taking complete control of destiny. He even says that his Future Mouse â€Å"holds out the tantalizing promise of a new phase in human history where we are not victims of the random but instead directors and arbitrators of our own fate.† Sell also finds this rootedness in Marcus Chalfen â€Å"who believes that if â€Å"[y]ou eliminate the random, you rule the world.† (2006). While not obsessed with conventional race, Chalfen is very attached to his family’s own culture of â€Å"Chalfenism†. The members of the family boast about their cultural superiority endlessly and know exactly what elements are â€Å"Chalfenist† as Joshua thinks Irie may have roots in. Their attachment to Chalfenism is no different than Samad’s attachment to Bangladeshi roots that he wants to impose on his family. The difference is that Samad is obsessed with the past while Marcus is obsessed with the future (literally his entire project has the word Future in it). Neither live presently. Even with the most trivial measurements, the characters in this novel can’t seem to get them right. After proudly being caught with pot, Joshua Chalfen is asked to measure out an eighth of tobacco to prove he is really a drug dealer. As if he knows the difference he asks if he should show them â€Å"a European eighth or an English eighth.† He pulls an amount not remotely close to either, embarrassing himself. Though paling in comparison to other characters in this book, Joshua’s stubbornness and determination leads to miscalculation. The mouse that Marcus Chalfen and Magid stand behind represents â€Å"just certainty. Just certainty in its purest form.† The end of the book comes down to an epic battle over a mouse representing the characteristics I’ve described: preciseness and control. Characters are divided on either side of the issue with the exception of those who really canâ⠂¬â„¢t form any opinion. It is interesting that Marcus/Magid are on one side of the debate with Samad/Joshua on the other. It shows how forcing a culture on children inevitably fails, even entirely turning on characters. What does happen however, is that both children are still equally very determined people interested in precision and certainty, they have just gone over to the other side. Despite Samad’s obsession with decision, he still believes in fate created by God and also uses coins to make his choices, just like Archie. The backing away from choices in reality while putting together the appearance of decisiveness is what Samad’s problem is. He can never seemingly make a choice without worrying for a long time, and then letting a coin or God make the true call. The idea of splitting two brothers up, one to Bangladesh roots, and one to contemporary England, shows the inability to pick just one race, instead trying to live out both. What Samad doesn’t understand is that there has be en a â€Å"root canal.† Once one generation crossed borders, there was no going back; the root was removed. The Jehovah’s Witnesses in the novel are not exempt from this analysis and correlation and are probably the most obvious example for criticism of not living presently. Every time a date they claim will be the end of the world passes without a hiccup, they notice a miscalculation that caused the inaccurate prediction and proclaim a new date. While not being obsessed with dividing their movement among racial or cultural lines, they instead exclude women from accessing their movement at a higher level. They spend the time leading up the proclaimed date making preparations and living entirely for the date. The Jehovah’s Witnesses live in the future instead of the past in this way, which still leads to them throwing away their lives. Their determinism in the faith as well as with keeping women out distracts them from being rational human beings a lot of the tim e .In contrast to Samad, Archie Jones is willing to leave everything up to chance. He uses a coin to decide between life and death twice (both resulting in life). Even meeting Clara is a completely random occurrence. Archie doesn’t seem to be interested in making any choices himself, but still requires one to be made as opposed to leaving things open. This means that Archie still supports sending one of Samad’s children to Bangladesh and picking a side on Future Mouse, it just means he doesn’t care about putting thought into the decision. In her presentation at the Literature Colloquium, Paula mentioned the incident where the kids go to deliver a care package to an old white man who tells them a war story about using the contrast of white teeth against brown skin to determine whom to kill. The problem was that when the teeth would rot, it would be hard to tell who was the bad guy. Paula says this is another instance of ambiguity in the novel leading to a decision t hat results in life or death. Especially when remembering that teeth in this novel represent rootedness and tradition, the book seems to be making the argument that when culture or race isn’t defined, safety is ensured (because you are harder to target). Archie’s passive nature towards decision is passed on to his daughter. Irie Jones is easily influenced and victim to the choices that other people make for her. Most notably, this comes when she learns that her idol, Marcus Chalfen, thinks she can amount to a dentist but nothing more. She promptly changes her career aspirations and heads to dental school, letting Chalfen have jurisdiction over choices that should have been hers. This section is still at a time when Irie struggles with identity (typical for someone her age but her struggle is rooted in race which is more interesting than the average non-mixed race teen). In â€Å"The mouseness of the mouse: The competing discourses of genetics and history in White Teet h† by Michele Braun, she writes that Irie â€Å"wants to be one with the Chalfens, to separate â€Å"from the chaotic, random flesh of her own family and [be] transgenically fused with another. A unique animal. A new breed† (2013). In Irie’s imagination, the hybridity of a transgenic animal is attractive. It allows her a fantasy of escape from the tyranny of her family life and her part-black, part-white bodily traits because she imagines a blended identity will transcend the limits of either â€Å"black or white.† At this point in the novel, Irie is intrigued by mixing cultures and races to achieve the best of multiculturalism. She has not yet learned to reject these things outright. When I argue that the novel makes an argument for fluidity, I don’t mean multiculturalism. I actually think the novel takes a much more radical stance and argues for tossing out culture based on geographic or racial lines altogether. In â€Å"After the Century of Strangers: Hospitality and Crashing in Zadie Smiths White Teeth,† Ryan Trimm writes that â€Å"Smith’s novel uses the family as a miniature of the nation, a well-worn clichà © for how domestic units turn â€Å"social processes into natural, instinctive ones,† a process stressing racial homogeneity.† (2015). I think Trimm is right in their analysis, that this novel shows the harms of prioritizing things like racial homogeneity, but I think they are wrong when they call it a well-worn cliche because I think Smith’s allegory shows something different. Rather than call out just racial homogeneity, Smith calls out every instance of certainty, of boundary, of value on borders. I think this is what makes this novel unique and interesting. Hoping for certain outcomes usually leaves the characters disappointed. When Archie hopes for certain outcomes, like his half-black daughter having blue eyes, he is typically left disappointed. Archie doesn’t really consider race when making the decision to be with Clara. In fact, he is excited to have a daughter with dark skin and blue eyes. This attachment to multiculturalism leads to his disappointment when Irie ends up having dark eyes (along with the other â€Å"worst parts of both parents†). With this, Smith critiques the fetishization of multiracial babies, shutting down the trope. In the last part of the novel, Irie gets pregnant after sleeping with both Iqbal twins. After being upset for a while at the prospect of her child having â€Å"no real coordinates,† she thinks â€Å"whatever. It was always going to turn out like this.† Irie’s child will be without roots, floating in some ambiguous space not multicultural and interested in an assortment of their roots, but pure space. Irie chalks up the fluidity of the child’s history and ancestry to fate. The child, who would be the most racially diverse character in this book (a quarter English, a quarter Jamaican, and half Bangladeshi), is the most accepted. The child won’t be sent around to countries to try to reclaim roots. The child will â€Å"feel free as Pinocchio†, free of unnecessary ties to the past or to racial or cultural boundaries. This, the book argues, is optimal. We can tell by analysing these characters that the book makes an argument of rejecting boundaries and defined identities. It seems that anyone who pushes to maintain a defined life is also someone who defends protecting cultural and racial institutions. These people end up losing the battle against the melting pot that is multicultural England. However, the characters who are seemingly liberal with these things aren’t any better. Acceptance of multiculturalism is also not something that is praised in the novel. Instead, Zadie Smith sets up a goal of fluidity of life and culture. This fluidity ignores roots in other countries and other cultures and encourages characters to live without influence, wholly as themselves. Works Cited Braun, Michele. â€Å"The mouseness of the mouse: The competing discourses of genetics and history in White Teeth.† The Journal of Commonwealth Literature. June, 2013. 01 Nov. 2016. Sell, J.P. â€Å"Chance and Gesture in Zadie Smiths White Teeth and The Autograph Man : A Model for Multicultural Identity?† The Journal of Commonwealth Literature September 2006. 01. Nov. 2016.Trimm, Ryan S. After the Century of Strangers: Hospitality and Crashing in Zadie Smiths White Teeth. Contemporary Literature ISSN: 0010-7484, 2015. Web. 01 Nov. 2016.

The Life Of Immigrants During The Gilded City Of New York

The life of immigrants in the gilded city of New York. As the cities of New York grew rapidly through the advancement of industrialization and urbanization, the wealthier exploited the many immigrants settling in. Rapid urbanization made life for immigrants challenging because of the cheap and poor constructions of the tenements, and as well as overcrowding. Immigrants migrated to the cities because the need for unskilled labor to help the growing economy was high in the cities. In just under thirty-five years, the city that had less than a hundred thousand people boasted a population of at least a half a million individuals, in which housing was limited. Most immigrants were poor when they arrived in New York; they frequently lived on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, where they can able to find crowded apartment buildings, called tenements, for a very low price. Having small sums, they settled in the slums. The tenement houses that most immigrants lived in were horrific. 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Essay on Effects of Divorce Larger Than They Seem

Effects of Divorce: Larger Than They Seem Introduction Imagine a teenage boy, completely happy with a good life and a family that he is close to. He has his own place in the family and a set daily routine that has been in place for over a decade. Now imagine something ripping that family apart. His daily life became anything but routine. Everything changed: his living arrangements, his family’s financial situation, and his security. In America, we call that divorce. According to the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, â€Å"One out of every two marriages today ends in divorce and many divorcing families include children.† â€Å"Only 42 percent of children aged 14 to 18 live in a â€Å"first marriage† family and intact two-parent married†¦show more content†¦The only real physical effects that an infant may show are loss of appetite or an upset stomach, which could include spitting up. Toddlers to the age of three may react with temper-tantrums if they feel any kind of change in their childcare arrangements or their visitation time is conflicted by the other spouse. Preschool children between the ages of three and five are affected more than most people would think. They sometimes feel they are to blame. For instance, they may think, â€Å"If I would have listened to Mommy when she told me to pick up my toys, Daddy wouldn’t have moved out.† Often times children in this age group may seem to â€Å"back-slide† or show baby-like behavior such as wanting old toys, a bottle, or returning to bed-wetting. Children at this age have the ability to become combative or angry. They can also show signs of depression despite their young age. Elementary school age children are old enough to feel the pain of divorce; however, they may be too young to be able to control their negative feelings or reactions to the pain that they are experiencing. 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Lululemon Case Study Essay example - 780 Words

1. The industry that Lululemen operates in is the Women`s Apparel industry which is a mature, large and fragmented market that has highly sensitive to the economic conditions and trends. The PEST analysis shows a tax reducing police have been introduced along with an Economic Action Plan by government in January 2009 which can reduce tax burden and increase purchasing power. However, Canadian economy have been significantly affected by the world economic crisis occurred at 2008. On the anther hand, People have started to pay more and more attention on their health since high total cholesterol and triglycerides levels increase, and also, the introduction of women-oriented gyms has also increased the customer base by encouraging more†¦show more content†¦The clothes not only can be worn as functional apparel in the gym, but also can be worn in the street, and thats why people love it. 2. The resource Lululemon has can be divided into three categories: 1) Tangible resource Retail stores which can be the part of distribution network, and also can be the place that free yoga classes are provided 2) Intangible resource Lululemon`s value of building a healthy lifestyle 3) Human Resource Fitness instructors (who driving the brand awareness through word of mouth, and also are the clothes model for Lululemon) Employees (become educator, and also Lululemon ambassadors) The capabilities Lululemon has are: (1) Products design (innovative and also fashion-conscious) (2) Service ( free yoga classes) (3) Marketing and sales ( heavily rely on word-of mouth) (4) Human resource management ( make employees as ambassadors, and extend philosophy about employee`s lifestyle) 3. Lululemon has differentiation advantage 1) Promotion and advertising Instead of conducting traditional marketing which has huge marketing budgets, Lululemon heavily relays on word of mouth. Moreover, the grassroots branding strategy make them differentiated from their competitors. Lululemon providing free class and made instructors be their models which become a very successful way to promote their products. 2) Service Lululemon sells women apparels with intimate boutique-style stores forShow MoreRelatedLululemon Case Study2260 Words   |  10 PagesAssignment for Course: MGT 5090 – Entrepreneurial and Strategic Thinking Submitted to: Dr. Regina A. Greenwood Submitted by: Anais Carrasco Date of Submission: May 30th, 2013 Title of Assignment: CASE 4 – Lululemon Athletica Inc. CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation is fully acknowledge and disclosed in the paper. I have also cited any sources from which I usedRead MoreLululemon Case Study1306 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 1 Case Study Lululemon 1. 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Would looking at an improved level of health in its community be another way to measure the success of this company? lululemon athletica founder Chip Wilson would welcome your investigation of the improved health and well-being of people in the communitiesRead MoreThe Problem Of Defective Yoga Pants1297 Words   |  6 PagesBackground: This case study analysis will define the problem of defective yoga pants products, corporate corruption, and the growing media conflict of â€Å"weigh shaming† in the sizes-2-12 limits on Lululemon yoga pants. Lululemon has seen a fall in the price of stock market shares due to these major defects of yoga pants products and corporate unethical decision making processes. The Problem: Lululemon has a growing reputation for making defective yoga pants (due to sheerness and â€Å"see-through†)Read MoreLululemon Athletica Inc. Case Analysis1506 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper commences by defining the problems that were faced by Lululemon Athletica Inc in 2013. 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I will identify exactly what happened, why it happened and what was done to rectify the situation. †¨ 2.0 Background Information†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨2.1 QualityRead MoreLululemon2462 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Lululemon is one of the Canada’s best retailers of technical athletic yoga apparel. Lululemon’s yoga inspired apparel is marketed under the two brand names Lululemon Athletica for more mature women and Ivivva Athletica for younger girls. Lululemon primary target customers are educated and hard working women, who understand the importance of healthy and active lifestyle. Majority of these women are Caucasian who are mainly urban and have higher income, since Lululemon is an expensive

The Effects Of Violent Music On The Youth Culture

This paper explores several published articles that embodies different explanations from research on the effect of violent music, both positive and negative towards African American men, women, and children. The articles also provides information that will support the reason how Hip-hop has such an impact on the youth culture, how Hip-hop is valued, and how the music and its lyrics are interpreted. Changing Images of Violence Rap music lyrics: 1979-1997 Hip- hop has both a negative and positive impact on African American lives. Over the past three decades, Hip-hop has arisen as a cultural and artistic aspect, influencing youth culture around the world. Hip-hop echo’s the social, economic, political, and culture matter and conditions for many youth lives. In slavery times music was used as a symbol of communication. Hip- hop speaks to many youth in a language and manner they understand. There are four essential elements included in the Hip-hop culture. The four elements are Disc Jockeying (Djing), break dancing, graffiti art, and rapping. Hip-hop has also compassed a style of dress, language and dialect, and a way of looking at the world. Police Violence Hip-hop Response White’s perspectives towards blacks in the justice system are viewed as the â€Å"prototypical criminal† who is reinforced in the media, and the general public. Police brutality against black males is defined, as â€Å"the use of excessive verbal, intimidation, and physical force.Show MoreRelatedThe Violence Of Rap And Rap1633 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Crime is culture. Wait, what? Believe it or not crime is a culture that has developed rapidly this past century. Rap, over the years has changed in many ways such that it went from being condemned by the public to being mainstream, it is now being used to aid teens with psychological troubles, and more. This leads to the question to be answered: How has the change from condemning drug use and illegal acts in rap to glorifying it influenced youth over the last two decades? The evolutionRead MoreRap Music : Influence On Violent Behavior1379 Words   |  6 PagesRAP MUSIC’S INFLUENCE ON VIOLENT BEHAVIOR IN AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES: A REVIEW Kaland Farrow Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University  RAP MUSIC’S INFLUENCE ON VIOLENT BEHAVIOR IN AFRICAN AMERICAN MALES: A REVIEW Rap music is derived from Hip Hop culture which is deeply rooted in the African American community. The word, rap, has a Middle English origin. Originally, rap means to beat or strike. Beginning in the 1960s, African Americans gave the word another definition. In the black communityRead MoreThe Effects Of Rap Music On Social Behavior Essay1693 Words   |  7 PagesIn society today, it is highly noticed that the role of rap music messages and video images of violence causes an increase in negative emotions, thoughts and behaviors which could lead to violence amongst youth. Rap music has been at the center of concern in regards to the potential harmful effect of violent media on social behavior amongst youth. This potential behavior could be seen in the music video titled â€Å"Kim† by Eminem. In this music video, the storyline, language and sound encourages hostileRead MoreRap Music And Its Impact On Society1081 Words   |  5 Pageseverywhere. Rap music is widespread and eas ily available anywhere. It can be listened to on the radio at a train station, on the Internet, and on phones, permitting the youth to listen to it in various circumstances, either on their way to school or along with their friends. Music has always had a tremendous effect on cultures and societies around the world. It affects how people act, speak, and dress. In today’s society, rap music has become such a fundamental part of the lives of youth that it is aRead MoreRap Music : Hip Hop Essay1509 Words   |  7 PagesRap, or hip hop as some call it, ranks in the top ten of most popular music genres in the world. Since it burst on the scene in the late 1970s, rap music changed the landscape of the music industry, especially for African-American artists. The genre accredited some of the biggest names in the music industry. Popular artists like LL Cool J, Tupac, Notorious B. I. G., Jay-Z, Kanye West, and many others produce, or have produced, millions of hip-hop records. The sec ret to the success of hip hop centersRead MoreA Common Agreement Within The World That Deals With Men And Men1273 Words   |  6 PagesMexican-American Girls, and Gangs†, within her research she has conducted various interviews with females in gangs. From her research she has came to the conclusion that for girls, â€Å"Gang member’s behavior is determined by social structures and group culture by defining the perspective and attitude of the girl gang† (Harris 301). In other words, Harris is explaining that peer groups, such as gangs, to females tend to have a powerful influence on them by having certain rules, values, and disciplinary actionsRead MoreThe Music Of The Hip Hop1412 Words   |  6 Pagestrading music and singing folk poets and street youth who suffer from oppression, troubled physical and social conditions such as poverty, unemployment, addiction, or who the rigors of life led them to engage in the world of gangs and the drug trade. That does no t put hip-hop within narrow limits of poverty, drugs and crime and delinquency framework. Perhaps one of the most important reasons which made the music of hip-hop spread at the Arab streets is a domination of American culture through cinemaRead MoreRap Music And Its Effect On Society Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pagesthink that it is only classical music that has a positive effect on society because of its soft tune and melody, but in fact rap music can have that same effect. The reason that some people think rap music leads to violence is because gang members can often be found listening to rap music, and they dress in the urban clothing style of rappers. The reality is that rap music is greatly misunderstood. The media often portrays rap music as negative and focuses on rap music more when it is related to somethingRead MoreViolence Portrayed By The Media Essay1101 Words   |  5 Pagesportrays on adolescents. Some propose that the authors are projecting that the youth are negativ ely effected by the media. Others, however, believe that violence portrayed by the media does not have any real long-term effects on the well being on youths. The three articles selected consider their evidence for this controversial subject. According to Anderson, the discussion on whether or not media has a negative effect of the youth is being argued. He uses prime sources and conducts studies to expand theRead MoreBlaming the Media for the Worldwide Increase in Violence Essay892 Words   |  4 Pagesacceptable behaviour in this society. Media outlets include film, radio, print, music and so on; film being the most widely used medium. The media which is prevalent in every aspect of our lives, is the perfect instrument to instil ideas in the minds of the people, and the most susceptible of them all, children. During the past decade, there is an alarming increase in violence, especially among the youth. A study found that between 1993 and 2001, incidents of physical violence

Musical Theatre Analysis for Pathos and Logos-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMusical Theatre Analysis for Pathos, Ethos and Logos. Answer: Music expresses that which cannot be put into words and that which cannot remain silent. The above quoted line clearly indicates the importance attached to music as the medium to articulate the inarticulate. Music has been primarily seen as a form of entertainment for the people and also a way to pass their leisure time. Music has been an important part of our society since the ancient times however in the recent times the form has undergone some rapid transformations (Taylor 2012). The end result of this is the rise of the various kinds of musical theatres which use the medium of music to depict a performance. The present day musical theatres along with the medium of music use various other devices like the use of pathos, ethos, logos and various instrumental forms of music (Taylor 2012). It is to be noted that the various musical theatres consists of song, dialogue, dance, acting and others (Taylor 2012). P.B. Shelley very aptly defined the meaning of the present day songs when he said in his famous ode To a Skylark, We look before and after, And pine for what is not: Our sincerest laughter With some pain is fraught; Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thought. The concept has been used by the various musical theatres to captivate the audiences as well as to attract them with their musical works. According to Friedrich Nietzsche, in his book,Twilight of the Idols, Without music, life would be a mistake. This essay intends to compare and contrast two pieces of musical works, namely, Les Misrables (1985) and My Fair Lady (1956). My Fair Lady produced in the year 1956 was based on the famous play Pygmalion of George Bernard Shaw (McHugh 2012). Alan Jay Lerner wrote the lyrics for this Broadway play and Frederick Loewe did the music composition for this piece (Garebian 1998). It is to be noted that in 1956 this musical set the record for the longest running musical on Broadway (Garebian 1998). The original play Pygmalion on which this musical was based, was itself based on the ancient myth of Pygmalion (Lerner, Shaw and Loewe 1959). The musical narrates the transformation of a girl named Eliza Doolittle with the help of the phonetics specialist Prof. Henry Higgins. However, under this mesh of transformational tale this musical consists of a range of themes like the emancipation of women, the faade of the social class and system and various others (Lerner, Shaw and Loewe 1959). Les Misrables, produced in the year 1985, was based on the novel of the same name of Victor Hugo (Grossman and Stephens 2016). Alain Boublil composed the original French lyrics of the musical whereas the music was composed by Claude-Michel Schnberg (Grossman and Stephens 2016). It is to be noted that the London production ever since its launch in the year 1985, thereby making it the longest running play of the West End and the second longest-running musical in the world after the original Off-Broadway run of The Fantasticks (Grossman and Stephens 2016). The musical narrates the story of Jean Valjean, a 19th century peasant of France who gets arrested for stealing a loaf of bread and had to serve nineteen years in the prison (Boublil and Kretzmer 2013). After getting out of the prison he decides to follow a path of redemption by following a righteous path (Boublil and Kretzmer 2013). The original novel as well as the musical production of it still remains one of the masterpieces of mo dern Literature and Theatre. It is to be noted that both the works My Fair Lady and Les Misrables belong to the genre of musical theatres. Both the works make use of dialogues, songs, action and various other musical elements to convey their message to the audience. For example, Eliza Doolittle in the musical My Fair Lady sings, Eliza Doolittle: (singing) The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain! Eliza Doolittle: The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain! In the musical, Les Miserables as well there are many songs like If I speak, I am condemned. If I stay silent, I am damned! The contrast between the two musicals lies primary in the nature of the content which they portray and also the manner in which they are being portrayed. The musical My Fair Lady, for example, is very light veined and uses the genre of comedy to deliver its message whereas the musical Les Miserables, on the other hand, is a more serious one and delivers its message using the devices of pathos and logos (Grossman and Stephens 2016). The songs as well as the musical pieces used in the two works are also greatly different. The musical piece, My Fair Lady, for example, uses songs as well as instrumental music pieces which had a distinct English flavor in them whereas the songs and the instrumental musical pieces used in the musical Les Miserables had a distinct European flavor in them (Grossman and Stephens 2016). It is also interesting to note that the musical Les Miserables makes a much more eloquent use of the devices of lightening, use of space on the stage, costumes and various othe rs in comparison to the musical My Fair Lady (McHugh 2012). It is also to be noted that the style of singing and dialogue delivery in My Fair Lady has a cockney flavor to it which is missing in the musical Les Miserables, although the central character of this musical is a 19th century French peasant (McHugh 2012). It is to be noted that the musical My Fair Lady is often considered to be one of the finest musicals of all times. According to an article, Not since Guys and Dolls have all the elements of a big musical production the stars and the chorus, the sets and the costumes, the dances and the plot, the melodies and the lyrics been blended so artfully and so enjoyably (NY Daily News 2018). The original musical score of the musical also have been much appreciated. According to the same article, With all its extra musical trappings, My Fair Lady remains pure Shaw (NY Daily News 2018). Thus, it can be said that the composer, Frederick Loewe uses all the devices of music to make this musical a remarkable one. It is to be noted that the background music during the performance keeps on changing keeping in view the changes on the stage. The Rain in Spain is one of the most popular songs of the musical My Fair Lady. The melody or the line which the listener follows most closely in this particular song is The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain!/ The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain!. The song initially starts in a lower tone however as the song proceeds the tone or the dynamics of the song increase keep in view the portrayal of the transformation of the cockney girl into the Duchess. It is to be noted that during the entire song a faint piano plays in the background keeping in view the changing tone of the song sung of Eliza. The texture of the song is often said to be plain and often falls in the category of cockney music. It is to be noted that the song consists of two sections-the first one where Eliza is a bit nervous and the second section where she sings confidently. The musical Les Miserables, on the other hand, has also been much appreciated for its musical quality. The musical was initially not very well received by the audience. However, its original music hit the right cords with the people. According to an article, Despite the grandeur of the music, the courage of the intentions, Les Miserables has, sadly, been reduced to The Glums (Dominic Cavendish 2018). The composer, Claude-Michel Schonberg frequent changes in the style of music as well as the musical instruments in a bid to incorporate the mood of the individuals on the scene and also to keep the music in synchronization with the scene. The song If I speak, I am condemned./ If I stay silent, I am damned! forms an important part of the musical Les Miserables. The tone of the song is constant throughout. However, towards the end of the piece there a deepening of the tone keeping in view the emotions which the singer tries to portray. It is to be noted that during the entire song a backgr ound piano music plays on the stage. The song has a peasant texture as it is being sung by a French peasant. The song has a symmetrical quality to it. Therefore, from the above discussion it becomes clear that the two musical pieces although belonging to the same genre of musical theatre have some similarities as well as dissimilarities among them. However, the differences between them far outweigh the similarities among them. It is to be noted that each work is unique in its own right and therefore the message or the amount of pleasure which it seeks to deliver to its intended audience cannot be matched by any other work no matter how good or bad that work is. References Boublil, A. and Kretzmer, H., 2013.Les Miserables Selections From The Movie. Wise Publications. Garebian, K., 1998.The Making of My Fair Lady. Mosaic Press. Grossman, K.M. and Stephens, B., 2016. Les Misrables: From Epic Novel to Epic Musical.Gordon and Jubin, The Oxford Handbook of the British Musical. Notes. Lerner, A.J., Shaw, B. and Loewe, F., 1959.My fair lady: a musical play in two acts based on Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw. New American library. McHugh, D., 2012.Loverly: the life and times of My fair lady. OUP USA. Shaw, B., 1975.Collected Plays with their prefaces(Vol. 4). Dodd, Mead. Taylor, M., 2012.Musical theatre, realism and entertainment. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. NY Daily News. 2018.My Fair Lady is a superb, stylish musical: 1956 review. [online] Available at: https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/theater-arts/fair-lady-superb-stylish-musical-1956-review-article-1.2561573 [Accessed 12 Mar. 2018]. Dominic Cavendish 2018.30 reasons why Les Miserables has lasted 30 years. [online] The Telegraph. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/theatre/what-to-see/30-reasons-why-les-mis-has-lasted-30-years/ [Accessed 12 Mar. 2018].

Compare and contrast how Seamus Heaney and Carol Ann Duffy Essay Example For Students

Compare and contrast how Seamus Heaney and Carol Ann Duffy Essay Compare and contrast how Seamus Heaney and Carol Ann Duffy have described the ending of childhood innocence in Death of a Naturalist and In Mrs Tilchers class.  Introduction  To answer this question I will look at the poetic features of each poem. Each poem I am going to talk about focuses on the loss of childhood innocence.  The two poems I am going to talk about are different from each other as Death of a Naturalist by Seamus Heaney is a dull scary type of poem. In Mrs Tilchers class by Carol Ann Duffy seems less of fear and more uplifting then changes to shame at the end of the poem,  But stared at your parents, appalled  Both poems end negatively.  Each poet comes from a different upbringing. Seamus Heaney is from Northern Ireland and lived in a farm where he collected frogspawn. This poem reminded you more of what you did outside school during your free time as I did that a lot when I was younger. I loved playing in the fields with friends and finding frogspawn was a great experience. Carol Ann Duffy represented school in the greatest way possible because as I was it, it reminded me so much of my primary school days. Duffys upbringing was different from Heaneys which you can tell from her poem. She was born in Glasgow and then moved to Liverpool. Her poem is more indoor than outdoor and a great image of what her life was like in primary school is told in this poem.  In my own childhood experience I find that both poems reminded me of what I did in school and in my free time. Reading these poems brought me back to when I was once a young child. Coursework main piece!  Each poets backgrounds are different from each other. Seamus Heaney is from Northern Ireland and had a rural upbringing on the other hand Carol Ann Duffy was born in Glasgow and probably had a more urban upbringing.  Duffys poem is her own personal experience which makes us know how she felt in the classroom. Heaneys poem probably is one of his own experiences because he lived in a farm where he would have collected frogspawn. I think poems were influenced by their own childhood experiences and were described with great detail. Both poems describe the ending of childhood innocence in different ways. At the start of Duffys poem it seems more calm and happy,  Mrs Tilcher chanted the scenery  It seems like a more calm and colourful room which made you feel warm and make you smile,  The classroom glowed like a sweetshop.  Heaneys poem seems more dull and doesnt give you a nice image,  Flax had rotted there  The word rotted gives you an ugly image of something old and dirty been there for ages. It also makes you feel uncomfortable as you read it,  Daily it sweltered in the punishing sun  The word punishing gives you a very unhappy feeling and makes you think of pain. A similarity in the poem is that they both mention frogs and tadpoles. Mostly in Death of a naturalist but also in In Mrs Tilchers class,  Three frogs hopped in the playground  Although the frogs are described very different in each poem because in Heaneys poem the frogs are made out to be scary,  Angry frogs  Whereas in Duffys poem they just sound like innocent little creatures,  Jumping and croaking away from the lunch queue.  The clean images of each poem is a big difference as Duffys sounds and smells fresh or clean,  Then scent of a pencil slowly, carefully, shaved.  On the other hand Heaneys is the opposite,  Wove a strong gauze of sound around the smell and cow dung.  These quotes make you imagine the smell which isnt nice and makes you feel a bit sick. .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 , .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .postImageUrl , .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 , .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22:hover , .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22:visited , .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22:active { border:0!important; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22:active , .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22 .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc7c05b9b37a346ff12a53cc6969bcc22:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The theme of Huxley’s Brave New World EssayBoth poems end the same as they both end with a negative feel.  Duffys poem ends where the parents are appalled at the child,  But stared at your parents, appalled  Also it makes you feel how the child feels as they cant wait to get out of school,  You ran through the gates, impatient to be grown.  In Heaneys poem it ends in fear,  That if I dipped my hand the spawn would clutch it  Both poems use a lot of alliteration but in different ways. At the start of Heaneys poem he used alliteration in a negative way,  heavy headed.