Genetic Engineering And World Hunger - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1202 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category Science Essay Level High school Tags: World Hunger Essay Did you like this example? Genetically altered foods have become present everywhere over the past few years. It is a breakthrough that allows humans to change and add manipulated genes to crops or alter or replace a gene to get a wanted trait, but it has turned into a heavily debated issue, especially for developing countries. Some people believe that these foods not only provide significant amounts of benefits to feed those in poverty in those countries, but they can also be a source of proper nutrition. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Genetic Engineering And World Hunger" essay for you Create order In third world countries, malnutrition is a major cause of death, among the poor. For example of a solution, scientists have created a strain of yellow rice containing high amounts of vitamin A and many other nutrients. Also, genetically modified crops are seeped in herbicides and pesticides, and other treatments to help growth and survival of the crop, but then again so are regular crops. So if that is the call of complaints, maybe people should find out how the crops they consider natural are planted. Though there are many, including the large manufactures who claim GMOs are going to save the poor from starving such as in Africa. Africa has a different story to tell. Similarly, delegates from 18 African countries at a meeting of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization responded these claims with a clear statement: We strongly object that the image of the poor and hungry from our countries is being used by giant multinational corporations to push a technology that is neither safe, environmentally friendly, nor economically beneficial to us. We do not believe that such companies or gene technologies will help our farmers to produce the food that is needed On the contrary it will undermine our capacity to feed ourselves. (Earth Island Journal) According to Harvard University, the process is more straightforward than you will see on the internet and this process actually is producing results. In the past 10 years production of the staples such as beans and corn have increased nearly 30 percent. (Feeding the World One Genetically Modified Tomato at a Time: A Scientific Perspective) Staples are becoming hybrids of themselves, containing genes from Bacillus thuringiensis that work to control a number of serious problems such as insect pesticide and are now being utilized commercially in the United States. Using these will slowly decrease the need to use those damaging insecticides. Improvements and great progress also has been made in the development of bettering staple foods such as corn and beans. The development of these plants could lead to a reduction in overall herbicide use. This should have both economic and environmental advantages, in theory. (Ending World Hunger. The Promise of Biotechnology and the Threat of Antiscience Zealotry) The first thing to do if we truly want to end world hunger is accept this claim introduced by large corporations. However, this claim has no scientific backing, whatsoever. So, therers that. After that is said and done then there is another obstacle: the money. Or in other words, the lack of research funds for agriculture and biodiversity (the variety of crops). Another one would be public concern about threatening the process of natural selection or survival of the fittest. Favoring biodiversity does not deny access to any future utilization of technology in the biological field but favoring biotechnology threatens future advances in biodiversity. (Feeding the world: genetically modified crops versus agricultural biodiversity) In other words, if we keep favoring the GMOs, we are stumping evolution and the natural order of things, therefore plant life will become severely limited. We will technically put the natural selection process in our hands. Whether or not this will be a good thing is yet to be seen. According to the Huffington Post, millions of children die due to inefficiencies in certain vitamins. (Can GMOs Help End World Hunger?) If we can stop these children from dying, I think it is worth the risks. Nothing values over human life. Sorry, plants. In another article, the reasons why scientists started looking for other options is introduced. I think it is an interesting part of the story. In my interpretation, it begun out of patriotism. Small farmers are literally the face of America, so when the food supply began to run short, no one actually wanted to get rid of our image, so scientists began to apply their research to food. The farmers were losing money on damaged goods due to pesticides and other treatments so when the first GMO was FDA approved, it was like Eureka! (Genetic Engineering, the Farm Crisis, and World Hunger) Back on track here, I went through several articles of opposing ideas on whether or not GMOs were actually going to combat world hunger. If so, that would be a strong point in their favor. And according to one of the largest GMO companies, Biotechnology is one of tomorrowrs tools in our hands today. Slowing its acceptance is a luxury our hungry world cannot afford. (Monsanto advertisement) According to a renowned website called Rachelrs Environment and Health Weekly, Neither Monsanto nor any of the other genetic engineering companies appears to be developing genetically engineered crops that might solve global food shortages.If genetically engineered crops were aimed at feeding the hungry, Rachelrs noted, ?Monsanto would be developing seeds with certain predictable characteristics including: ability to grow on substandard or marginal soils, ability to produce more high-quality protein with increased per-acre yield, without the need for expensive machinery, chemicals, fertilizers or water; engineered to favor small farms over larger farms, would be cheap and freely available without restrictive licensing, and would be designed for crops that feed people, not meat animals. (Earth Island Journal) Advertising is hardly accurate and either way, I am inclined to believe Rachelrs simply because visiting the website gave loads of statistics and facts, whereas Monsantors website shows lots of scenic photographs of idealistic farms and laboratories. (Rachelrs Environment and Health Weekly and Monsanto.com) Conclusively with all the research done on genetically altered foods, I think that it is a good thing. It might be considered taboo and/or the scapegoat for American obesity in some cases, but overall it is a technology with crazy potential to be phenomenal, but big corporations are using it to further their own agendas and to make money, living proof that the problem isnt the science or technology behind genetically altered food, but the CEOrs pocketbook. With more targeted genetic alteration and mass production to make it affordable for the desperately poor, it could be the solution for World Hunger. It is disappointing that American businesses are so selfish and greedy that they would produce a product that could save billions, including children, but instead they use otherrs misfortune as a false advertising scheme. America need to get in the habit of using its plentiful resources for good instead of greed. This research made me utterly disappointed and I cannot stress enough how much of a game changer this could be in developing or unstable countries, where the poor are desperately so. It would be easier for them to feed their families and take charge of their lives. Alas, America has to go through a change in maturity of leadership before this is even remotely possible.

Schizophrenia - Split Mind - 781 Words

Schizophrenia – â€Å"split mind† Schizophrenia (in Greek split mind) is marked by delusions, hallucinations, illusions, distorted perceptions of reality, normal verses abnormal, and a â€Å"split† between thought and emotion. Schizophrenia troubles one percent of the world’s population, making it the most common psychosis. Approximately two million Americans suffer from this illness in one year and roughly half of all the people admitted to mental hospitals are schizophrenic. Many symptoms appear to be related to problems with selective attention. People also find it difficult to focus on one item of information at a time, have no contact with others, and a breakdown of personal habits. There are four major subtypes of schizophrenia:†¦show more content†¦Lisa is a 30 year old women and mother of four children. She has had some various worries for quite some time, but has not sought professional help. Through out the past few months she has grown unhappy, it has gotten so bad the family doctor suggested she seek psychological help. She has been experiencing repetitive thoughts which have centered on her children’s safety. On one occasion she imagined that her son broke his leg playing football atShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Treatment Of Schizophrenia1011 Words   |  5 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental disorder that consists of hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech and thought. â€Å"Schizo† if Greek for Split while â€Å"phrene† means mind; schizophrenia literally translates to split mind (Burton, 2012). Why is schizophrenia considered to be split minded? According to Khouzam, 2012 split mind is used to describe the disrupt ion within the thought process Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that has subcategories that include paranoia, catatonia, disorganized, residual andRead MoreThe Psychological Disorder Of Schizophrenia Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pagesdisorders. Examples of these disorders are; depression, anxiety disorder, Schizophrenia, child hood disorders, impulse control disorders personality disorders, adjustment disorders and family disorders. I chose to write about Schizophrenia so that I can clear the air concerning the basic psychological ailments, and to assist people know what to do if a loved one identifies extremities in the manifestation of Schizophrenia. Schizophrenia being a serious brain disorder affecting how people think, behave andRead MoreEssay about Sense of Self: Schizophrenia and I1224 Words   |  5 PagesSense of Self: Schizophrenia and I In 1911, a Swiss psychiatrist named Eugen Bleuler coined the term schizophrenia. It originated from the Greek words, schizo, which translates to split and phrenia, meaning mind. When Bleuler conveyed the meaning of this term, it was not to label a person as a split personality, but rather as a split between what is believed, what is perceived, and what is objectively real (1). Throughout history, the disorder has been confused and misunderstood by theRead MoreTaking a Look at Schizophrenia1249 Words   |  5 PagesA common mistaken belief is that people with schizophrenia have multiple personalities. Many people confuse schizophrenia with split personality or multiple personality disorder (Lilienfeld et al, 2010). The misunderstanding stems from the meaning of the word schizophrenia, as in Greek it means split mind (Boruck, 2008). In 1990, Carlson proposed â€Å"schizophrenia is probably the most misused psychological term in existence† . Vaughan (1977), performed a study wh ich found that 77% of studentsRead MoreSchizophrenia: Thought and Poem Jim Stevens722 Words   |  3 Pages Schizophrenia By Jim Stevens Schizophrenia by Jim Stevens is a poem depicting the way a schizophrenic person s brain works. In the first line of the poem Jim Stevens says It was the house that suffered the most. Although he is using the visualization of a house, I believe that he is really just using imagery to portray a human. I believe that each stanza portrays a different symptom of Schizophrenia. Through my studies of this poem, I was unable to find any documentation of the poetRead MoreSchizophrenia And Its Effects On The Brain866 Words   |  4 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental psychotic disorder that diminishes the ability to distinguish reality from fantasy. Schizophrenia ranges from Type I, which are positive symptoms caused by an excess of functions to Type II, which are negative symptoms caused by a loss of functions within the brain. Subtypes range from Paranoid to Disorganized schizophrenia. A wide variety of factors can provoke anyone of these variations of schizophrenia, such as genes, an imbalance of chemicals in the brain, the deathRead MoreSchizophreni A Psychological Condition That Causes Delusions Or Hallucinations?887 Words   |  4 PagesSchizophrenia is a psychological condition that causes delusions or hallucinations making it extremely difficult for those who have the disorder to discern between reality and the imaginations (American Psychiatric Associati on, 2013). These fictitious experiences are often frightening situations where the victim cannot properly respond if the danger were reality because he/she believes everything is reality, even events that are produced by the imagination. â€Å"Emil Kraepelin, who coined the termRead MoreThe Psycological Theory Behind The Black Swan1122 Words   |  5 Pagesdeal with attachment. There are also theories behind eating disorders and stress which could cause mental disorders and personality disorders. Are mental illnesses and personality disorders the same? Watching the movie with different theories in mind, I believe that we can roll all the theories into one and come up with one Psychological illness or diagnoses. First let’s start with a quick plot of â€Å"Black Swan.† Nina is a talented ballet dancer and frontrunner for the lead role as the BlackRead MoreSchizophrenia: Treatment and Diagnosis Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pages Schizophrenia: Treatment and Diagnosis In 1809, physician John Haslam published an account of what he considered â€Å"A form of insanity†. Haslam described many symptoms that are relevant to modern day schizophrenia including delusions of grandeur and hallucinations. During the latter part of the nineteenth century, a German psychiatrist named Emil Kraepelin expanded on Haslam’s views and gave a more accurate description of schizophrenia as we know it today. Kraeplin startedRead MoreEssay on Paranoid Schizophrenia: They’re Out To Get Me1356 Words   |  6 PagesParanoid Schizophrenia: They’re Out To Get Me Introduction Paranoid Schizophrenia is a serious psychotic disorder that impairs a person’s perception of reality, causing the mind to lose contact with the real world. This disorder greatly affects one’s ability to negotiate the activities of everyday life, such as school, work, or social situations. In 1898, Emil Kraepelin was to the first to provide information regarding schizophrenia naming it â€Å"dementia praecox†, and defining it as a psychosis

Weather Forecasting Free Essays

Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Unska 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (2) Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service, Gri 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (3) Pliva d. d. , Vukovarska 49, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia mario. We will write a custom essay sample on Weather Forecasting or any similar topic only for you Order Now zagar@fer. hr ABSTRACT: The paper presents a new method of weather forecast presentation, which was developed as a project during the course of postgraduate study. So far, the use of mobile phones in the presentation of weather forecasts was limited and noninteractive. This application provides an interactive access to meteorological products in Croatia. It has been developed in the MicroJava programming language and successfully tested in an emulator and on real mobile devices. The rapid development of mobile technologies will allow for intensive application of such products. Key words: Java, weather forecast, MIDlet, J2ME, MicroJava, mobile device, wireless, GPRS 1.Introduction This paper describes a new method of weather forecast presentation based on modern mobile communication technologies – at the moment the fastest-growing industry in the world. Recent studies show that every fifth person in the world owns a mobile device, and in Croatia more than 80 percent of households have at least one; at the same time, only 37 percent have a personal computer (GFK, 2003). 2. Technology In June 1999, Sun Microsystems announced a new edition of the Java 2 platform: the Java 2 Micro Edition -J2ME (Muchow, 2002).The purpose of the Micro Edition is to enable Java applications to run on computing devices with limited computer power, memory and display, such as mobile phones, PDAs, pagers, etc. It is based on the popular Java programming language, and the application is called MIDlet. MIDlet is an abbreviation composed of two words: MID for Mobile Information Device, and â€Å"let† is the suffix of â€Å"applet†, which means mobile application (Piroumann, 2002). Over time, this technology has become standard with the new generation mobile devices, so that almost all new models support it, independently of who produces them.Thanks to the Java technology, mobile phone features can be enhanced through interactive, dynamic applications which can be downloaded and stored in a mobile phone. And when a user does not need them any more, they can be easily erased. Examples of different Java applications include interactive games, utilities, organisation and travel programmes, etc. 3. Application in weather forecast In Croatia, as well as abroad, current technologies (radio, TV, newspaper) have been exploiting weather forecast presentations for a long time already so that there are limited possibilities left of further development (specialised TV-stations etc. In the last decade, the rapid development of mobile technology has introduced a significantly new way of communication and living. So far, the weather forecast in mobile devices was mainly presented through SMS (short message service) and MMS (multimedia message service), WAP pages etc. The disadvantage of such an approach is that the user always gets the same product. The Java technology, on the other hand, allows the building of software that provides interactive access through the intuitive interface, at any desired time and in every place.Besides weather forecasts, users can also retrieve real-time information, such as data from automatic synop stations, radar and satellite images (every 15 and 30 minutes, respectively), special warnings, nowcastings etc. As the application uses data from the Internet, independently of the mobile provider, users can access the desired information no matter where they are, whether in Croatia or abroad. 4. Presentation A MIDlet, named CroWeather, with a complete weather forecast, has been created as a University project.Forecasts are given for the present and the following day, textually and in picture format. As for actual data, besides satellite and radar images, this MIDlet also provides textual data on current weather conditions as temperature, pressure, humidity etc. Users can choose among different Croatian cities and the main regions. The programme is a so-called MIDlet application. It should be installed on Javaenabled mobile devices, and is written in the MicroJava programming language. The server side scripts providing files and data are written partly in PHP and Fortran 90, mainly in a Unix environment.The application was developed using Sun’s Wireless Toolkit (-, Java 2 Micro Edition, 2000) that emulates Java-enabled mobile devices, and was successfully tested on several mobile phones (Nokia 7650, Nokia 3650) In 2001, mobile phones of the 2,5 generation were just being introduced to the Croatian market. At first, it was difficult to find a mobile phone that would comply with the features required (Java-enabled, GPRS, colour display desirable), so that at the time only one type actually matched our criteria.Although the application worked successfully on the emulator, we experienced some difficulties when testing it on a real device . Insufficient implementation of Java in the actual device (during http requests the application would stop and would not work in a single thread, so we used multithreading), and the mobile provider did not support the transfer of data files larger than 5 kB. As every other, this Java MIDLet also consists of two files. One with a . jar extension (Java archive), which is the actual MIDlet, and another with a . ad extension (Java application description), a plain text file that contains some general data about the application, version, authors, producer etc. The total size of the files is cca 30 kB, so they can be easily downloaded to a mobile phone via an IR (infrared) or Bluetooth connection, or otherwise directly from the WAP pages (OTA – over the air). Once the files are downloaded, users can simply install the MIDlet through the Java application manager, depending on the mobile device type (Topley, 2002). The following presentation consists of screenshots taken on the Nokia 7650 mobile phone. Features: Figure 1. Textual information about current weather conditions in 32 Croatian continental and coastal cities (weather description, temperature, humidity, pressure, time change of pressure, wind, sea temperature, snow height – all updated hourly) Figure 2. Textual forecasts for Croatia and the city of Zagreb for the present and the following day Figure 3. Textual forecasts for the Adriatic for the next 12 hours in 4 languages: English, German, Italian and Croatian, updated at 6. 0 and 13. 00 hours Figure 4. Radar image – current picture, last 4 animated pictures, last 8 animated pictures Figure 5. Satellite image – current picture, last 4 animated pictures, last 8 animated pictures Figure 6. Graphic forecasts for 6 Croatian regions for the present and the following day. Figure 7. About box. Besides general information about the application, authors etc, users can check if there is a new version of the programme and download it 5. Conclusion CroWeather for Java-enabled mobile devices has been successfully tested on several types of devices. The application is small and is not computer-expensive, which makes installation and usage relatively easy. Modern wireless technology combined with Java technology provides advanced usage of products such as weather forecasts, so that the user can selectively and interactively access the desired data, no matter where he is. The authors believe that this and similar solutions, and their applications, will play a dominant role in modern weather forecast presentation, especially with regard to the newcoming generations of mobile devices.References -, Java 2 Micro Edition, Wireless Toolkit User’ Guide, Release 1. 0. Palo Alto, CA: Sun s Microsystems, November 2000. ukman, T. , 1997: Java. Alfej, Zagreb, 520 pp. GFK, 2003 – http://www. gfk. hr/press/hitech. htm Muchow, J. V, 2002: Core J2ME Technology and MIDP. Prentice Hall PTR, NJ (The Sun Microsystem Press, Palo Alto), 710 pp. Piroumann, V. , 2002: Wireless J2ME Platform Programming, Prentice Hall PTR, NJ, 400 pp Susanj, D. , 1997: Java: Programiranje za Internet i World Wide Web. Znak, Zagreb, 722 pp. Topley, K. , 2002: J2ME in a Nutshell, O’ Reilly, 478 pp How to cite Weather Forecasting, Papers

How does Shakespeare create sympathy and empathy for the charcters in Twelfth Night Essay Example For Students

How does Shakespeare create sympathy and empathy for the charcters in Twelfth Night Essay William shakespeare, a famous poet and playright, has written many sonnets and poems in his time. One of his most famous plays was the Twelfth Night; a romantic comedy written during the Elizabethan era; where women stayed at home, being the ideal mother of the house, not having a real voice compared to the men. Shakespeare uses various methods, to create sympathy and empathy for the characters in Twelfth Night like, Viola (Cesario),Lady Olivia, and Malvolio. Shakespeare creates sympathy for Lady Olivia, as we see that her brother dies. This is shown in Act1 scence1 when valentine is informing Duke Orsino, that Olivia does no want to speak to anyone. â€Å"The element itself,till sevene yearsheat, shall not behold her face at ample view;† As Olivia is grieving for her brothers death, she has promised that she will not show her face at all, (especially not men) for seven years. This makes the audience feel sorry for Olivia, as a young woman she has no brother, or very close Family apart from Sir Toby, to protect or accompny her. Further on we see shakespeare creates sympathy for Viola, when she assumes that her twin brother sebastian has died; in the shipwreck. â€Å"My poor brother he is in Elysium†, shows that once again, shakespeare has created tension, to feel sympathy for viola, as she is left on the strange and curious island of Illyria, with no brother or friend to help, or guide her. Throughtout the play we see the character of Lady Olivia change the way she speaks, when talking to or about differnet people and about what she is feeling. When Olivia is talking about Duke Orsino to Viola (Cesario), she speaks in prose, keeping her awnsers short, and to the point. Act 1 Scene 5 â€Å" I cannot love him: let him send no more-†. As we can see, Olivia, does not like discussing about Orsino, so she speaks like this so that she can end the topic as qucikly as possible. However when she is speaking to Viola (Cesario), In the same conversation, Act 1 scene 1, just a moment later, we suddenly see a drastic change in the way she speaks to Viola; due to a different topic she wishes to speak about. Unless,Perhance,you come to me again,†; shows how Olivia cleverly starts speaking back to poetically, as she is saying that she will only listen to how Duke orsino took her awnser, if Viola (Cesario) comes back to inform her. Through this we can tell that Shakespeare uses ambiguity through Olivia, as she trys to say one thing; only to hide up what she really wants and feels, without accidently telling Viola (Cesario). Which is, that she wants Viola ( Cesario) to come and return to her. Through this, we can see that Shakespeare had interpereted the character of Olivia, to be clever, and smart, as she can quickly change the way she speaks to someone, to suit her needs, without them feeling suspicious. We further on get a full understanding of how shakespeare creates empathy through Viola, in act 1 scene 3, when Olivia confesses her love for her, as she thinks shes in love with a man. Act 3 scene 8,â€Å"I love thee so, that, maugre all thy pride,Nor wit nor reason can my passion hide. , shows how Olivia, at her wits end, bursts out with her confession of love towards Viola, (Cesario), in attempt that Viola (Cesario) will be wooed by Olivias words, and fall in love with her too. However Viola comprehends what Olivia is trying to say to her, and explains towards the end of the converstaion that she cannot love her back. â€Å"I have one heart,one bosom,and one truth, And that no women has; nor never none. † This qoute means, that Viola has not promised her love to any women and there will never be any women as we know that she is not really a man. .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf , .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .postImageUrl , .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf , .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf:hover , .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf:visited , .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf:active { border:0!important; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf:active , .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u05fd4c954931b256fe25e4f77927f6bf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How successful is Priestly in conveying his message to the audience through stage directions EssayAlthough, she says this in a structerd and complicated way so Olivia does not suspect that she is really just a women. Shakespeare uses dramtic irony in this scene; the audience knows that Viola is really a women and cant have feelings for Olivia. However Love sick Olivia, is unaware of this, and is still attracted to her. Towards the end of the play, The character of Malvolio is more revealed to be a pompous, egoistic, and quite controlling person, who considers himself higher, better, than everybody else. Due to these exact traits, make him vunerable to the cruel Joke Maria, Sir Toby and Sir andrew plot agaist him. He believes the forged love letter saying its from olivia, when it isnt; leading to Olivia being rather surprised, and worried. Act 3 scene 4 when Olivia says, â€Å"Why this midsummer madness. † Olivia, is quite shocked seeing Malvolio behaving like this, because of the brightly coloured stockings he is wearing and how romatically he is speaking all of a sudden. This makes Olivia rather worried; she later On informas SirToby and Maria, about the nonsense and they agree that Malvolio must be posseed by the Devil. He is later taken by Maria and Sir Toby, as they horribley mock him all the way. â€Å"Why how now, my bawcock? How dost thou, chuck? †. This quote shows how Malvolio using dramtic irony as he is pretending to speak to Malvolio from inside, as if he is a little child. The word bawcock reprezents a little pretty bird. He says this because he is faking that Malvolio is possesed and by talking to him childlishly, he will be able to get him out of there. However both Sir Toby and the audience know that theres nothing wrong with Malvolio, apart from a fake letter that had been given sneakily by Maria and Sir Toby, and That Malvolio, has just gone and believed it. We as the audience feel sympathetic towards Malvoilo, as he has been purpously fooled By the pair, and does not know a thing. By hafza chaudhry As we can see throughtout the play, how shakespeare has used various teckniques to show sympathy and empathy for the charcters in Twelfth Night. He uses Comedy, romance and confusion so the audience can have a clear undestanding to how the character is feeling. He does this so that the audience can put themselves emotionally in their place, to understand how that charcter would be feeling. Like we change our language according to who we are speaking to, where we are, and what were doing; samely, shakespeare makes the characters of the play speak in Poetry or prose which helps the reader understand the character further. Furthermore it makes us understand exactly how that charcter is thinking, or thinks about someone and gives us a more solid opinion, as to how we interpret the characters.

An Overview Of Culminating Performance Task Sciences Essays

An Overview Of Culminating Performance Task Sciences Essays An Overview Of Culminating Performance Task Sciences Essay An Overview Of Culminating Performance Task Sciences Essay Peninsula Harbour is located near the northern incline of Lake Superior. It stretches around four kilometres inwards and spans about 100 km2. It is known for its pristine beaches and boosting countries. Although no town sits straight on the Peninsula Harbour, it is located near the Town of Marathon, in the territory of Thunder Bay. The town is about the median between the metropolis of Thunder Bay and Sault Ste. Marie. The metropolis is one of the Michigans along the Canadian Pacific Railway. Peninsula Harbour was one time occupied by the First Nation tribes that controlled Northern Ontario. It was foremost explored by Etienne Brule who led the manner for Gallic adventurers. The country was used to a great extent for fur trade and brought in tonss of bargainers. After the colony of the Europeans, it became a beltway between Western Canada and in-migration into Eastern Canada. It became portion of the Thunder Bay District after the formation of the state of Ont ario. Thunder Bay District is presently both a provincial and federal county territory. The history of the Town of Marathon much affects the Peninsula Harbour of today. It changed its name several times, get downing with Peninsula to Everest and so eventually to its current name Marathon. The metropolis is home to around 4000 people and 1000s of visitants every twelvemonth. The town and part was built upon a mush factory owned by Marathon Corporation of Wisconsin which the town was named after. While the factory helped the economic system enormously, it introduced chemicals used in the pulping procedure that were unsafe to the environment. After the prostration of the mush industry, gold was found around the town and operations began. The gold excavation procedure began and different wastes were introduced into the H2O. The Peninsula Harbour suffers from many environmental issues caused by its historical carelessness. Most are caused by its big sum of contaminated deposits. Thingss like wood fiber from the mush Millss contaminate the deposit and degrade lake-bottom communities because of waste. Besides, chemicals that were banned from waterways like PBC and quicksilver are still found in the deposit of the Peninsula Harbour. B ) Describe some of the current preservation, protection enterprises and/or ordinances that are in topographic point to protect your AOC Many alleviation enterprises by different groups are assisting to salvage the wildlife and ecosystem in the Peninsula Harbour. Governmental organisations like Environmental Canada and the Province of Canada have joined together to go through the Remedial Action Plan. The program calls for unequivocal actions to forestall ecosystem devastation. Environmental Canada is besides implementing sediment direction schemes in the Peninsula Harbour and other Areas of Concern to assist protect the ecosystems. Another group, the Great Lakes Commission, compromised of 8 provinces which have boundary lines around the Great Lakes. The committee seeks to recommend and inform people about the jobs of the Great Lakes. Many Non-Governmental Organizations are besides assisting the Peninsula Harbour. One outstanding illustration is Bird Studies Canada. Their mission is increase the cognition of the citizen s apprehension of the issues impacting the Great Lakes. They produce annuals studies that detail the Areas of Concern around the Great Lakes. Another group, the Eco Superior Environmental Program is a non-profit group of persons that supports plans and enterprises to cut down different chemicals and prevent environmental harm to the Thunder Bay part of Lake Superior. II. Ecology a ) Description of current aquatic life and tellurian including any illustrations of nutrient ironss and nutrient webs. Peninsula Harbour is home to a choice few species of amphibious vehicles, birds, and fishes. Even though Lake Superior has a big sum of H2O, it is non extremely populated because of dirt conditions and inferior clime conditions. Of the vegetations and zoologies that do populate at that place, they have high opposition to the deepness and deficiency of heat in the lake. Peninsula Harbour contains many of the animate beings that travel freely between different Areas of Concern and the Harbour itself. For that ground, general animate beings found in Lake Superior will be included every bit good as specific illustrations. The aquatic life in Peninsula Harbour is really active with fish and workss. Over 70 species of fish live in and around the country. Most of those fish are adapted to cold conditions like trout, lake whitefish, lake sturgeon, and smallmouth bass. They eat insects populating in and around the H2O. The insects eat workss which are found in the tellurian and aquatic ecosystem. The fish besides eat crustaceans like spiny lobster. The crustaceans feed upon plankton, which are little beings in the H2O. Plants that exist in the Peninsula Harbour include Muskgrass, Coontail, Waterweed, and Water Stargrass. Depending on the season, workss like Wild Celery can besides be found along the shores. The top carnivores in most of the nutrient ironss are the sea lamper eel and the fen birds. The decomposers include sea snails and bacteriums found in the H2O. The tellurian ecosystem is really different from its aquatic opposite number. While most of Peninsula Harbour s Area of Concern lies in Lake Superior, the shoreline and land beside the preservation country is really of import to the aquatic ecosystem. They are linked in many ways through the animate beings that travel through both ecosystems. The tellurian life in Peninsula Harbour is many ba sed upon land animate beings that have dealingss to the aquatic environment. Examples most common include toads, fen birds, and insects. Marsh Birds like the coot and the common snipe provender upon by and large little fish like a turning trout. The insects populating in the ecosystem tend to feed upon the workss in the country. The toads are eat the insects, nevertheless non many animate beings eat the toad, because of its versatility in land and H2O. B ) Describe two of the undermentioned facets of your country: fishing and dirt quality. Fishing and the dirt quality in Marathon and the Peninsula Harbour is really of import and extremely related together. Marathon has much of its industries based non merely on the natural resources of forestry and gold-mining, but besides on fishing. Fishing is of import because it plays a function in both the fishing Industry but besides touristry. The fish is both sold to consumers but the touristry of the country brings tonss of people. The most normally fished is the trout, which is the most abundant. However, because of assorted grounds, the entire stocks in fish have dropped. Environmentalists and environmentalists have worked with local and provincial authoritiess to put quotas and prohibitions on fishing. However, touristry fishing is still allowed. The dirt quality affects the fish really much because of the affiliated ecosystem ironss. The dirt provides foods to the workss which are so e aten up the nutrient concatenation until they reach the fish. The dirt quality is really low compared to ordinary dirt. It is filled with chemicals from ore-mining and dusts like wood fiber from the pulping factory. Besides, polychlorinated biphenyl ( PCB ) is really concentrated in the dirt because of harmful waste direction patterns. It went into the dirt and waste like sewerage where besides dumped without intervention. These are one of the major factors into its integrating into the Area of Concerns plan which helps cover with these jobs. degree Celsius ) Aquatic and tellurian beings that are endangered, threatened and nonextant Despite preservation attempts to seek and assist different species in Peninsula Harbour combat increasing toxins and non-native species, many animate beings and workss are going endangered, threatened, although none have been declared nonextant. Nationally, there are three aquatic species classified as endangered, six classified as threatened, and five as vulnerable. Another 400 species are recognized by local or provincial authoritiess as species of particular concern. Surprisingly, about 300 of them are workss. Different types of aquatic animate beings such as fish and molluscs have been most vulnerable to extinction. Mollusks such as lake musca volitans and eastern pondmussels have had their home grounds taken over by invasive species. Fish like lake sturgeon, redside Leuciscus leuciscus, and northern madtom have had their population diminution dramatically. Many tellurian animate beings ar e besides endangered or threatened. The most outstanding illustrations are the marsh birds that live on the fish and molluscs. As their population diminutions, the fen birds are besides affected. Besides, because of bioamplification, the marsh birds like Peregrine falcon and short-eared bird of Minerva, which are on the top of the nutrient concatenation, have the most toxins in them. Besides, another set of endangered species are the workss. As antecedently mentioned, out of the 400 species considered to be of particular concern, over A? of them are workss. Plants like the longleaf arnica and rose-colored cats foots have faced tough environments for turning because of dirt degrading through improper patterns like junking. vitamin D ) List of any known invasive species and the consequence on the ecosystem Many non-native species have had profound impacts on the current conditions of Lake Superior and Peninsula Harbour in peculiar. They come in through different ways like ballast disc harge and cultivation. When they are introduced, the nutrient web and concatenation alterations dramatically because the new alien coinage has no natural marauder in the entered ecosystem. Endangering species like the sea lamper eel have been introduced through the canals the connected the Great Lakes together. They are aggressive marauders, eating about all types of fish including lake sturgeon and trout. Due to them, the sum of fish being captured dropped over 50 % over the old ages. Other invasive species include the zebra mussel and the unit of ammunition gudgeon. Both species have highly high birth rates and spread out sharply. Zebra Mussels take nutrient and foods that little fish demand and eat it ; besides, they fill up about every solid bedrock infinite available. They have wiped out the bing mussels with their enlargement. The unit of ammunition gudgeon is a little fish that eats eggs of fishes and moves into environments that are suited for fish-growing. They remove the o ld fish and expand quickly. III. Chemistry a ) Describe any info on the quality of H2O in your country and explicate the assorted types of chemical trials that may be performed to prove H2O quality. Peninsula Harbour s H2O quality is reasonably high in comparing to other Areas of Concern. Through legion trials, it has shown that the country has been bettering. Different H2O quality indexes are used to find the habitableness of the H2O. Indexes include pH graduated table, Dissolved Oxygen, Temperature, and Per Cent Light Transmission. Recent trials show Peninsula Harbour degrees vibrating about 7.9 pH to 8.1 pH. To happen the pH degree for the H2O, a litmus trial is done, the more bluish the more basic it is. If the consequence is ruddy, the H2O is acidic. Another illustration the sum of Dissolved Oxygen, in which the Winkler Test is used. The sum of Dissolved Oxygen shows how much organisms the H2O can keep, which can be placed with the Biological Oxygen Demand to state the current conditions of the H2O. Temperature is a real ly good trial of H2O quality because some species of fish and aquatic workss can merely populate under certain conditions. Temperature is found utilizing a thermometer. Per Cent Light Transmission is a step of how cloudy the H2O is, or how clear it is from deposit. A visible radiation is brassy upon the surface and a step of how much is reflected consequences in the per centum. Peninsula Harbour has a really high mark on this trial, intending that the H2O is really clean in most topographic points. The salt, a step of the salt in the H2O, and the phosphate degree, how much phosphate is in the H2O, is both found by making trials in the H2O. B ) Description of the types of chemical pollutants and contaminations impacting the country Many different pollutants affect Peninsula Harbour and its ecosystem. Chemical pollutants include toxic chemicals like quicksilver and polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) . Mercury is a extremely toxicant chemical that accumulates in the fish and shellfish that live in the Peninsula Harbour. Because of bioamplification, the quicksilver gathered in the early trophic degrees become more concentrated as the nutrient concatenation goes up. PCBs are carcinogenic compounds which have been known to do serious harm to the organic structure. PCBs were outstanding in many different public-service corporations before they were declared insecure. Many of them were dumped into rivers and lakes without 2nd idea. When animate beings come in contact with PCBs, they face serious heath effects like liver harm and anaemia. They besides lower the immune system, doing fishes and shellfishes to decease much Oklahoman. There are besides tonss of physical contaminations in Peninsula Harbour. They include signifiers like wood fiber and silt. Physical contaminations increase the turbidness of the H2O. Turbidity is the step of the quality of the H2O, or how clean it is. Besides, physical contaminations pollute deposit with unusual signifiers of land bed which w orkss need to turn upon. When tonss of them are placed together, they besides destroy old fish communities. degree Celsius ) Major industries in the country that are subscribers to the pollution in your country. As antecedently mentioned, the metropolis has been based upon natural resource extraction since its creative activity. The first company in which Marathon was named upon was the Marathon Corporation of Wisconsin. It was a pulp-mill, which relied on different natural resources around Marathon like forestry. The pulping procedure used different chemicals to make the finished merchandise. Besides, remnant merchandises and fresh points like wood fiber were besides created in the procedure. Because of deficiency of environmental cognition, most of those points were dumped into Lake Superior. The consequence was the slow degrading point of the dirt environment. Another industry, gold excavation, besides produced pollution into Peninsula Harbour. Gold excavation uses chemicals to t ake away the gold ore from the pure concentrated gold. These chemicals were neglected and slipped into the waterways during spring-runoff. The chemicals affect the works and the H2O life around Peninsula Harbour. The ore was besides dumped in and around the country, taking infinite for workss to turn. Besides, the extraction procedure exudes a big sum of C dioxide ( CO2 ) which amendss the local environment. These industries are really of import to the town because it is the major employer in the country. Many service-sector occupations are connected to this primary occupation calling. These types of towns built upon logging and excavation industries are really fluid throughout the full Canada. Many metropoliss are built upon logging cantonments and excavation companies. IV. Physicss a ) Describe and supply illustrations of the types of transit in and around your AOC The Peninsula Harbour is a beltway between Southern Ontario and Western Ontario. It besides serves as a beltway between different parts of the Lake Superior traffic. Incoming ships from the other Great Lakes to Thunder Bay and Western United States go through the Soo Locks, a series of canals that bypass St. Mary s River, where there is rapids. Therefore, transportation is besides a manner of transit in Peninsula Harbour. Ships are able to travel across to the United States or every bit far as the Atlantic Ocean through different locks and the Great Lakes. Besides, Marathon is located really near to the Trans-Canada Highway 17, the route which spans the Pacific to Atlantic Ocean. The Highway 17 is interjected by the Peninsula Road, once called Highway 626. It leads from Highway 17 to Marathon, for about 2 kilometres. Marathon is besides beside the Canadian Pacific Railway, which is near to the town. Last, the metropolis is besides served by a little airdrome called the Marathon Airport. The airdrome serves the community and the industries when executives fly in and out of the part. V. Weather Date Temperature Pressure Precipitation December 7, 2008 20 Â °C 102.46 kPa Light Snow December 8, 2008 8 Â °C 102.20 kPa None December 9, 2008 18 Â °C 100.85 kPa Light Snow December 10, 2008 -10 Â °C 101.03 kPA Light Snow December 11, 2008 16 Â °C 101.65 kPA Isolated Bustles December 12, 2008 11 Â °C 101.44 kPa Light Snow December 13, 2008 13 Â °C 101. 08 kPA None a ) Create a chart that tracks weather forms in your country for 7 yearss B ) Describe how the lake affects the clime of the country. Peninsula Harbour sits on the 3rd largest lake in the universe by surface country. Therefore, Lake Superior has a monolithic consequence on the clime of the country. Because of the lake, the metropolis, Marathon, and the Area of Concern in Peninsula Harbour is greatly affected by the H2O. The H2O increases precipitation for the country because of vaporization and condensation. Bustles and snowfalls coupled with rain, happens more than other metropoliss north of the country. Besides, the lake causes the clime of the part to be really humid and the force per unit area, really high. It is because of the warm air trapped in the summer as the H2O evaporates. In the winter, tonss of snow is expected and the temperature is really cold. The lake besides provides a moderating consequence for the H2O. Water, because of its heat capacity, shops heat and lets off heat much less than the land around it. That means that the temperature of the part is stable, compared to parts without H2O. VI. Bibliography Aquatic Invasive Species ( AIS ) . 25 Nov. 2008. University of Minnesota. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.seagrant.umn.edu/ais/ gt ; . Clark, Bruce, John K. Wallace, and Kim Earle. Making Connections: Canada s Geography. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education Canada, 2006. The Fish of Lake Superior. Fish of Lake Superior/Fish of the Great Lakes by Wisconsin Sea Grant. 11 Feb. 2002. University of Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.seagrant.wisc.edu/greatlakesfish/lakesupfishindex.html gt ; . Marsden, John. Lake Superior. 2002. Environment Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.epa.gov/solec/solec_2002/presentations/lake_superior_ ( marsden ) .pdf gt ; . Marsh Bird and Amphibious Communities in the. 2006. Bird Studies Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bsc-eoc.org/download/mmp-aoc % 20peninsula % 20harbour.pdf gt ; . 1994 Lake Superior Water Quality Vertical Profile. 25 May 1997. Environmental Protection Agency. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.epa.gov/emap/html/data/greatlak/data/sup94/water/lsctd94.txt gt ; . Parks Canada Lake Superior. Arks Canada Lake Superior. 17 Nov. 2006. Parks Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pc.gc.ca/progs/amnc-nmca/systemplan/itm4-/gla2_e.asp gt ; . Peninsula Harbour Area of Concern. Canadian Remedial Action Plans Peninsula Harbour Area of Concern. 24 Feb. 2008. Environment Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ec.gc.ca/raps-pas/default.asp? lang=en A ; n=fd4765b0-1 gt ; . Ritter, Robert J. Nelson Science 9. Upper Saddle River: Nelson Education Limited, 1995. Schloesser, Donald W. Current Lake Superior Conditions. GLIN Current Lake Superior Conditions. 17 Sept. 2008. Great Lakes Information Network. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.great-lakes.net/conditions/superior.html gt ; . Schloesser, Donald W. In troduction. Introduction. Jan. 1986. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mlswa.org/underwaterplantguide/introduction.htm gt ; . The State of Lake Superior in 2000. July 2002. Great Lakes Fishery Commission. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.glfc.org/pubs/specialpubs/sp07_2.pdf gt ; . State of the Great Lakes 2005. 2005. Environment Canada. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //binational.net/solec/english/solec % 202004/indicator % 20summary % 20series/lake % 20superior % 20- % 20tagged.pdf gt ; . Weather Prognosis: Marathon, Ontario. Weather Forecast: Marathon, Ontario The Weather Network. 13 Dec. 2008. Weather Network. 13 Dec. 2008 A ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.theweathernetwork.com/weather/caon0407 gt ; .

Peter the Hermit and the First Crusade

Peter the Hermit and the First Crusade Peter the Hermit was known for preaching Crusade throughout France and Germany and instigating the movement of common folk that became known as the Crusade of the Poor People. He was also known as Cucu Peter, Little Peter or Peter of Amiens. Occupations CrusaderMonastic Places of Residence and Influence Europe and France Important Dates Born: c. 1050Disaster at Civetot: Oct. 21, 1096Died: July 8, 1115 About Peter the Hermit Peter the Hermit may have visited the Holy Land in 1093, but it wasnt until after Pope Urban II made his speech in 1095 that he began a tour of France and Germany, preaching the merits of the crusade as he went. Peters speeches appealed not only to trained knights, who usually followed their princes and kings on a crusade, but to laborers, tradesmen, and peasants. It was these untrained and disorganized folk who followed Peter the Hermit most eagerly to Constantinople in what became known as The Peoples Crusade or The Crusade of the Poor People. In spring of 1096, Peter the Hermit and his followers left Europe for Constantinople, then moved on to Nicomedia in August. But, as an inexperienced leader, Peter had trouble maintaining discipline among his unruly troops, and he returned to Constantinople to seek assistance from Byzantine Emperor Alexius. While he was gone the bulk of Peters forces was slaughtered by the Turks at Civetot. Disheartened, Peter almost returned home. Eventually, however, he made his way to Jerusalem, and just before the city was stormed he preached a sermon on the Mount of Olives. A few years after the capture of Jerusalem, Peter the Hermit returned to France, where he established an Augustinian monastery at Neufmoustier. Resources The Crusade of the Poor People Catholic Encyclopedia: Peter the Hermit  - Concise biography by Louis Brehier. Peter the Hermit and the Popular Crusade: Collected Accounts  - Collection of documents taken from August. C. Kreys 1921 publication, The First Crusade: The Accounts of Eyewitnesses and Participants. The First Crusade

Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Corporate Social Essay

Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example It is clearly shown in this report that foreign direct investment complicates the CSR practices of multinational corporations and other businesses operating internationally. This shows that there is a strong relationship between CSR and FDI. The relationship is influenced by several factors. First, stakeholder legitimacy problems cause international businesses to adapt to local CSR practices because stakeholders in host countries exert pressure on them to behave according to their interests in order to be considered legitimate. Secondly, international human resource management policies in host countries may complicate CSR practices of the foreign country due to the difference between HRM practices of the host and home country. An expatriate problem also results in complex CSR practices because expatriates may experience new cultures and behaviors in the host country that may change their CSR practices. Institutional distance is also considered as another factor affecting the relation ship between CSR and FDI. A high institutional distance between hoe and host country usually leads the multinational corporation to adapt to the local CSR practices. Recent research indicates that a company operating in host countries with a different institutional environment and demanding stakeholders are likely to adopt local practices in order to legitimize their foreign direct investment in host countries. This can be explained using the institutional theory and stakeholder theory which explain internal and external motivations for legitimacy in multinational corporations. Foreign Direct Investment is the acquisition of assets by an international company in another country. Foreign Direct Investors face the challenge of integrating home country CSR practices and the demands of stakeholders in the host country. Understanding these legitimacy pressures for foreign direct investment requires a link between corporate social responsibility and foreign direct investment.

Fact Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Fact Paper - Essay Example Research outcomes show that more than â€Å"two thirds of children aged 8 year† use computers daily (Lucile Packard Foundation, 2000). This is because of the current high accessibility of computers. Its continued usage by children negatively affects their health. Studies show a positive correlation between obesity and the usage of computers. A study conducted in Australia revealed that children who spend more time on computers have a 2.5 percent chance of becoming obese (Subrahmanyam, Kraut, Greenfield et al, 2000). The rate of obesity among children is increasing in the US. One of the factors that contribute to the high rate includes the high usage of computers among other causes. Spending more time on computers implies that children are spending less time in physical activities. Physical activities are important because they help children to burn excess calories. Engaging in less physical activities leads to accumulation of fats and calories in children’s bodies which in turn leads to obesity. Obese children have higher chances of developing other health complications even in their adulthood. For instance, medical experts claim that children with obesity are at a higher risk of getting cardiovascular diseases and being diabetic in their adulthood. Apart from obesity spending more time online can damage the children’s eyes. It also makes them to strain their necks and shoulders. Since children are still developing, some of the effects can lead to long-term health issues. Moreover, technology addiction makes some children to have sleeping disorders. This especially occurs if children have computers in their rooms. Some children prefer shortening their sleeping hours in order to play games or chat with their friends online. If this takes place for a longer period, it disrupts children’s sleeping patterns that may in turn cause sleeping disorders such as

Teachnology and Business Management Research Paper

Teachnology and Business Management - Research Paper Example In the first part is presented the definition of BPM and its road-map. After is presented the definition of information technology . By introducing the main characteristics of the IT is shown how IT can enable the BPM. Finally will be presented a real case-study of a BPM solution implementation. Technology and Business Management Today’s organizations are confronted with the need of improving the business management. Under these conditions, the traditional management approaches that focus on financial figures are being substituted for new and more developed practices. The performance is related to the efficiency of an organization to meet their goals. With the evolution it?s expected to develop practices that reduce the errors by improving standardization and automation of the activities. The Business Performance Management appears as a very developed approach. It’s important to understand how the technology can enable this practice. The choice of the proper tool and te chnology in a BPM solution is critical to the success of the operation. The improvements related to the information technologies seems to serve and meet the BPM goals. The main purpose of this article is to prove how IT enables the BPM. How the report will achieve the purpose? The report will provide a summary of BPM definition and goals; After will be presented the BPM road-map in order to prove how closely the BPM process is within the automation process; After proving this, is presented the IT definition; After is shown how the IT and BPM converges into similar lines; Finally is presented a case-study. Business Performance Management ( BPM) A business process is a set of activities which are defined in order to reach a specific organizational goal. The Business performance management (BPM) is a systematic approach of the Business management. The main goals of BPM are: reduce human error and miscommunication, focus stakeholders on the requirements of their roles and on making an o rganization's workflow more effective, more efficient and more capable of adapting to an ever-changing environment. In general BPM is developed within three types of frameworks: Vertical, Horizontal and Full-service BPM. Horizontal BPM is related to the the development of business process and the technology application. On the other hand the Vertical BPM is focused on coordinating of a specific set of activities. The Full-service BPM deals with five basic tasks: process discovering, process modeling, business procedures, workflow and finally testing. BPM is several times linked within the information technology(IT) and it has increased the demand for IT services. The concern with the business process optimization is not recent. It has been developed since the industrial revolution. In the last decade the notion of business process optimization is intrinsically related to the BPM. The BPM provides flexible business process therefore the business process became dynamic and adaptable w hen confronted with changes. The BPM is a powerful tool for an organization. It promotes the continuous operational improvement and the cost reduction cost through continued process improvement and automation. The main difference between BPM and traditional process management approaches is the focus on customer value. The main goals of a BPM solution are related to the optimization and automation of the process outcomes, the rapid response to a business event, delivery ( in real-time) new

Values and ethics

Values and ethics Values and Ethics The Value base of Social Work and the Development of my own Values This essay will firstly discuss what values are and the value base of Social Work. It will then proceed to analyse the origin and evolution of my own values. Followed by reflection on them and how they relate to the value base of social work. I will summarise by identifying areas of my personal values that I think require further development. It makes sense to start off by exploring what is meant by the word ‘value. It is a somewhat vague term, most people would claim to have values but struggle to elaborate when asked what their values are. Banks makes a good analysis, ‘ ‘values is often used to refer to one or all of religious, moral, political or ideological principles, beliefs or attitudes. (cited in Thompson 2005, p108) Values can vary greatly from one culture to another, from family to family and differ between each individual. Values and what they mean to each person in my opinion are unique for everyone. As Thompson suggests ‘†¦.a value is something we hold dear, something we see as important and worthy of safeguarding. (2005, p109) The British Association of Social Workers, (BASW), promote a Code of Ethics, that they expect each and every social worker to adhere to. The key principles of these are human dignity and worth, social justice, service to humanity, integrity and competence (1999). Each of these principles contains core values that are imperative for good social work practice. Examples of such values are ‘Respect for human dignity and for individual and cultural diversity, ‘Value for every human being, their beliefs, goals, preferences and needs, also ‘Respect for human rights and self-determination. When I first read the code of ethics, at the very beginning of studying social work, it appeared very simple. I asked myself â€Å"Surely it cant be complicated to follow these basic values?†. Nevertheless, through the teaching Ive had so far and the questions it has raised, I realise that social workers must keep a constant check on themselves, reflecting regularly so as their ser vice users receive a consistent quality of service. Biestek (1961 cited in Dominelli 2004) put together seven points that he felt formed the traditional social work values. These are, Individualisation of the client, treating each service user as an individual. Purposeful expression of feelings, allowing service users to talk about and express the feeling they have. Controlled emotional environment, obtaining the right balance of emotions. Unconditional acceptance, accepting that person for who they are. Non-judgemental attitude, not judging a person on the way they choose to live their life or the decisions they have made. Client self-determination, similar to empowerment, playing a part in helping a service user realise their goals. Lastly, Confidentiality, respecting that everything discussed with a client is personal to them and they may not want others to know their private business. Although Biestek defined these values as important nearly fifty years ago, they still remain significant and can be applied to social work today. With this is in mind a common traditional value to explore would be respect. This is a value held by many different cultures and religions, mostly seen as respect towards elders and also towards people in authority. In the General Social Care Councils Codes of practice, respect is referred to throughout, one instance being ‘Respecting and maintaining the dignity and privacy of service users (2002). This value although stemming from good intentions is open to exploitation, for instance when the older individual or person in authority abuses the power that respect gives them. It is widely agreed that one should have unquestionable respect for anyone older than them or toward a person in a position of authority, whether that respect is deserved is often not open for discussion. So how do values apply to social work? Values are something people make use of in their lives everyday, probably without even realising so. However values also form a significant part of social work practice, as Trevithick points out, ‘Social work is not unique in its values perspective, but other professions may not have given this issue the same importance†¦ (2005, p4). For instance, if a social worker cannot empathise with a service user it is going to be very difficult to understand how best to assist that person. As Thompson suggests ‘(empathy)†¦is a very skilful activity, as it involves having a degree of control over our own feelings while remaining open and sensitive to the other persons feelings. (2005, p119). This is an area of my values I can detect require improvement. I will need to ensure I achieve the appropriate balance of caring without becoming so emotionally involved that I find myself in a position where I am unable to support the individual. My own values stem from my upbringing. We hold very strong family values, encouraging each other completely in whatever we are undertaking. If a member of the family has a decision to make, we will share our views and opinions, but ultimately always support and respect the final choice made. I benefited from this support immensely when I became a mother at just eighteen years old, I received an incredible amount of assistance and encouragement from my family. I am in no doubt this made a huge difference to how confident I was as a mother. However, I was unable understand my partners family values. Within their family they lead much more separate, independent lives. At eighteen I couldnt fathom this way of thinking, I thought, naively, that all families shared my familys values. My Mother-in-law expressed her disappointment that her son was becoming a young father. I perceived this as a rejection. I deliberated for a long time as to why we didnt share the same outlook, identifying it as a disapproval of her sons choice of partner. After many years, and several heated confrontations, I came to realise that it wasnt a personal attack against me. It is simply that my in-laws hold different family values to myself and I can now appreciate and understand this. It was growing more mature that enabled me to distinguish that other peoples values are different to my own. It was not my place to judge my mother-in-law and I can now recognise my over-sensitivity. I believe this was all part of a process that inspired me to form a non-judgemental attitude. I accept others for who they are and do not judge them on how they choose to live their life and the decisions they make. This is a quality that, I hope, will contribute positively towards my social work career. Another value I was raised with is respect; I mentioned this nearer the beginning of my essay and feel that it is an area of my values that has developed. As a child I was expected to show total courtesy to all adults, it was inconceivable that I could question an adult. Although secure that I was completely loved, I was a child and couldnt possibly argue with an elder. An adult would certainly not say sorry to a child, fundamentally this was not a reciprocal value. One occasion I can recall is my mother thinking I had stolen a cake from the kitchen cupboard, my brother had in fact taken it. Even though she was made aware of the truth, I was never apologised to. The concept was that adults, and more so parents, were never wrong. I like to think that now, as an adult myself, I still strongly hold this value of respect and encourage my children to show regard and consideration toward others. Although, for me personally, the value has evolved. I foster the belief that respect should be shown toward all persons, young and old. I aim to show equal respect to children and adults alike and I feel with my own children that, if I have made a mistake in any way, I should always apologise to them. It is vital when interacting with a service user I am aware of the values I hold, as Dominelli points out, ‘†¦. the social and knowledge contexts within which values are embedded impact upon their use,†¦. (2004, p65). For example, I am against abortion once the pregnancy has gone past the twelve week stage, but I am fully aware that if a service user was in this situation, it would be totally unprofessional for me to allow the client become aware of my personal opinion. It is certainly not my position to impact upon any decision the service user may make. I am also attentive to the fact that there are other areas of my personal values that require further development. One aspect that I am conscious I will need to work on is showing respect to persons that have committed certain offences, for example, a paedophile that has molested or murdered children. Having young children myself I find this sensitive issue quite upsetting. Still, I am aware that even though an individual has chosen to carry out this act it doesnt mean that they are not entitled to services. It would be my job to offer that person the services they hold a right to receive and, as before with my views on abortion, I must exercise the non-judgemental area of my values to effectively provide this. To conclude this essay I believe that I am able to recognise the values that I possess and I aspire to remain attentive to these and the areas that require further strengthening. I also feel the values I hold relate to social work practice and I hope they will contribute toward my career, in a positive manner, for many years to come.

Shakespeare And Catholicism Essay -- essays research papers

By researching the life and writings of William Shakespeare, it can be shown that many Christian values and beliefs are displayed through his literary works. In order to understand the religious content in Shakespeare's work it is helpful to first understand what the religious environment in England was like around Shakespeare's time. England, ever since it was ruled by the Romans, had been a Catholic nation. Before Shakespeare's lifetime, a drastic change occurred that completely upended the existing Catholicism of the English people. During King Henry VIII's reign, the English people were, for the most part, content with Catholicism. Through a series of very complex political maneuvers, Henry eventually seized power of the English church. The benefits of this control were enormous for the state. First of all, Henry obtained his divorce from his first wife. Second, the state received the tithes and taxes from church property, thus making the break very profitable for the state. Finally, with the closing of all of the monasteries, England gained large tracts of land to sell to land owners and tax heavily. The break with the Church of Rome, on the other hand, was not welcomed by the people. Through various laws and ordinances the monarchy effectively closed down the Catholic church in England, but this did not stop the people from being loyal to Catholicism in their hearts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the effects of the break from Rome was the welcoming of an English translation of the Bible. One of the first English translations of the Bible was written by William Tyndale. Known as Cranmer's Bible or the Great Bible, this Bible along with the Geneva Bible would have been the two translations used widely during Shakespeare's lifetime (Milward 85). With the invention of the printing press before this time, the Bible was becoming a household item. Access to Scripture was at it highest point in history to that time. The accessibility of the Bible greatly impacted the work of Shakespeare because he had such a resource at his disposal. Along with these two translations of Scripture already available to Shakespeare came a new translation authorized by King James I. Today this translation is known as the King James Authorized Version (Milward 86). At this point in time, the climate was right for Shakespeare to learn a great deal about Christianity direct... ...gedy with a good ending, making the eventual happiness found better appreciated. In conclusion, Shakespeare's plays ranged from light-hearted comedies to gut-wrenching tragedies. Characters of the highest character as well as the most immoral persons to grace the stage appeared in his works. The scope of Shakespeare's work seemed to cover almost all aspects of life. Through all of these tales, the theme that occurred consistently was the spiritual longing of every individual for love (Knight 69). Shakespeare's plays move from a hope in political salvation to a desire for spiritual salvation, just like the Bible does. All of his plays end with some hope that life will go on and things will get better, just as Christianity hopes for a perfect world to come. His works emphasized the common beliefs of both sects of Christianity as well as some distinctly Catholic ones. This in no way makes Shakespeare a Christian or, more specifically, a Catholic. At its most fundamental point it does mean that Shakespeare had knowledge of the Bible and the Christian religion. The bizarre religious circumstances of Shakespeare's world played a large role in molding his works into what they became. Shakespeare And Catholicism Essay -- essays research papers By researching the life and writings of William Shakespeare, it can be shown that many Christian values and beliefs are displayed through his literary works. In order to understand the religious content in Shakespeare's work it is helpful to first understand what the religious environment in England was like around Shakespeare's time. England, ever since it was ruled by the Romans, had been a Catholic nation. Before Shakespeare's lifetime, a drastic change occurred that completely upended the existing Catholicism of the English people. During King Henry VIII's reign, the English people were, for the most part, content with Catholicism. Through a series of very complex political maneuvers, Henry eventually seized power of the English church. The benefits of this control were enormous for the state. First of all, Henry obtained his divorce from his first wife. Second, the state received the tithes and taxes from church property, thus making the break very profitable for the state. Finally, with the closing of all of the monasteries, England gained large tracts of land to sell to land owners and tax heavily. The break with the Church of Rome, on the other hand, was not welcomed by the people. Through various laws and ordinances the monarchy effectively closed down the Catholic church in England, but this did not stop the people from being loyal to Catholicism in their hearts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the effects of the break from Rome was the welcoming of an English translation of the Bible. One of the first English translations of the Bible was written by William Tyndale. Known as Cranmer's Bible or the Great Bible, this Bible along with the Geneva Bible would have been the two translations used widely during Shakespeare's lifetime (Milward 85). With the invention of the printing press before this time, the Bible was becoming a household item. Access to Scripture was at it highest point in history to that time. The accessibility of the Bible greatly impacted the work of Shakespeare because he had such a resource at his disposal. Along with these two translations of Scripture already available to Shakespeare came a new translation authorized by King James I. Today this translation is known as the King James Authorized Version (Milward 86). At this point in time, the climate was right for Shakespeare to learn a great deal about Christianity direct... ...gedy with a good ending, making the eventual happiness found better appreciated. In conclusion, Shakespeare's plays ranged from light-hearted comedies to gut-wrenching tragedies. Characters of the highest character as well as the most immoral persons to grace the stage appeared in his works. The scope of Shakespeare's work seemed to cover almost all aspects of life. Through all of these tales, the theme that occurred consistently was the spiritual longing of every individual for love (Knight 69). Shakespeare's plays move from a hope in political salvation to a desire for spiritual salvation, just like the Bible does. All of his plays end with some hope that life will go on and things will get better, just as Christianity hopes for a perfect world to come. His works emphasized the common beliefs of both sects of Christianity as well as some distinctly Catholic ones. This in no way makes Shakespeare a Christian or, more specifically, a Catholic. At its most fundamental point it does mean that Shakespeare had knowledge of the Bible and the Christian religion. The bizarre religious circumstances of Shakespeare's world played a large role in molding his works into what they became.

America’s Vision Essay

Fame, wealth, freedom, and success. Every person desires a life where riches, glory, or freedom surround them. Numerous people consider this dream the American dream, however, is it truly possible to achieve? Even those various immigrants who travel a great distance to come to America to live their own American dream shortly become intemperate people. The idea of the American dream is not attainable because people in general are exceedingly paradoxical and are constantly left yearning for more in a variety of ways. In the heartfelt story â€Å"America and Americans, Is the American Dream Even Possible,† by John Steinbeck, he wrote, â€Å"One of the generalities often noted about the Americans is that we are restless, a dissatisfied, a searching people† (Steinbeck 1). I feel that Steinbeck conveys a great deal of truth about American’s and how we live our lives. We all aspire to have something and once we acquire it we become discontent and strive to have more. For instance, a man work’s his whole life to become someone or something he truly is not and once he gets there he realizes that he wants more and longs to become more. In truth we all do what we want to and are searching for the greatest, but nothing ever seems to be good enough in our dissatisfied lives. Immigrants from all over the world arrive in America to pursue their own American dream. Whether they come for religious freedom, education, or just to obtain better lives, they quickly strive for more and more even though they have accomplished their intended goals. After residing in America for year’s they overlook the ways of their homeland customs and become drawn to the lives of American’s even when it is in opposition to their original traditions. In numerous ways they somewhat become brainwashed by American’s who live their lives not in reality but in idealism, and they attempt to live their life like them as well. However, once they return to their homelands after believing they have obtained their goals, they cannot figure out why their families and friends no longer wish to speak to them. They have altered and become intemperate people resembling us Americans and have brought back terrible habits and ways to their homelands that their people have despis ed in their customs for several years. American’s are truly paradoxical people who say one thing and do another. We  are constantly contradicting ourselves and others and cannot comprehend why we are so unhappy. We make every effort to achieve happiness but nothing ever seems to be good enough. John Steinbeck expresses that our priorities are extremely wrong in this quote, â€Å"Americans are remarkably kind and hospitable and open with both guests and strangers; yet they will make a wide circle around the man dying on the pavement. Fortunes are spent getting cats out of trees and dogs out of sewer pipes; but a girl screaming for help in the street draws only slammed doors, closed widows, and silence† (Steinbeck 1). Steinbeck puts across a serious point and I boldly agree that we Americans have our priorities twisted around. Ultimately, Americans have a large number of adjustments they will have to carry out before they will ever be able to achieve their American dream and be content. We are so full of dissatisfaction and failure to stick with our goals. We tread on friends and family who get in the way of our so called American dream, and after we believe we have attained it we are not sure as to why we are so miserable. If Americans can take that further step to transform, the American dream may become possible. However, until then the American dream will merely be an idea, not a possibility. Works Cited: 1. Steinbeck, John. † America and Americans, Is the American dream even possible.†

The dark one Essay

The dark one Essay The dark one Essay There is no place in this world more mysterious than the Dark One's prison. Throughout time, only fragmented stories and legends have survived to be passed down from one generation to the next. Who is to say what is true and what is false. Yet the stories are all we have and so they keep being told. This is but one At the dawn of everything there existed two beings, the creator and the dark one. The creator was compelled to forge life and so the world was born. Every rock, stream, plant and animal perfectly weaved into a pattern so complex, only the creator himself could ever understand its true beauty. Yet there was also the dark one, a being who existed only to destroy. The creator had no choice but to banish the dark one into another realm. It was on this day, the birth of everything that shayol ghul came into being. The link bridge on our world between everything the creator had made and the dark one's prison. A cage to withstand for all time...but every cage has its flaw. Who can say how it was that creator overpowered the darkone long enough to imprison him, perhaps it was the power of life given off by this new world or perhaps it was a fortunate moment of weakness. All that we know is that he was trapped. A place devoid of life, devoid of any joy, a bitter hell with only his own madness for company. Yet this was the prison's weakness. As the years went by the dark one fed and grew from the madness that caged him, until the day the smallest of cracks formed...but it was no freedom he reached out to, only the sickness that life was to him. A tendril that reached out with a solitary purpose: to corrupt all. Who can say how much time passed from that first moment his cage cracked? Secrecy beyond all known was required for his plan to work. The dark one had reached out in careful steps, corrupting thirteen men and women who could wield the One Power. One by one they came to him, some of the strongest channelers the world had ever known, swayed to his voice by the lure of power

Free Essay about A Cab callеd Rеliablе

Free Essay about A Cab callÐ µd RÐ µliablÐ µ A Cab callÐ µd RÐ µliablÐ µ In Comfort Woman, Nora Okja KÐ µllÐ µr ambitious 1997 novÐ µl about thÐ µ survivor of sÐ µxual Ð µnslavÐ µmÐ µnt by thÐ µ JapanÐ µsÐ µ during World War II, thÐ µ author sÐ µÃ µms to strÐ µtch thÐ µ limits of thÐ µ mothÐ µr-daughtÐ µr form, in rÐ µsponsÐ µ to hÐ µr politically challÐ µnging subjÐ µct mattÐ µr. Although womÐ µn of KorÐ µa and many othÐ µr nations had bÐ µÃ µn compÐ µllÐ µd to sÐ µrvÐ µ thÐ µ sÐ µxual dÐ µmands of JapanÐ µsÐ µ army mÐ µn dÐ µcadÐ µs ago, this shamÐ µful past was rÐ µopÐ µnÐ µd for intÐ µrnational dÐ µbatÐ µ in thÐ µ 1990s by historians' locating of Ð µvidÐ µncÐ µ of thÐ µ JapanÐ µsÐ µ govÐ µrnmÐ µnt's rÐ µsponsibility, thÐ µ public tÐ µstimoniÐ µs of womÐ µn survivors of thÐ µ camps, and a public rÐ µdrÐ µss movÐ µmÐ µnt/ KÐ µllÐ µr's novÐ µl sÐ µÃ µms informÐ µd about this dÐ µbatÐ µ and carÐ µfully craftÐ µd, and bÐ µcausÐ µ it is limitÐ µd to a singlÐ µ mothÐ µr-daught Ð µr pair it promisÐ µs to dÐ µlvÐ µ morÐ µ dÐ µÃ µply into thÐ µ innÐ µr lifÐ µ of thÐ µ mothÐ µr and thÐ µ psychological inhÐ µritancÐ µ shÐ µ has to offÐ µr than could bÐ µ donÐ µ in a vignÐ µttÐ µ-drivÐ µn novÐ µl of multiplÐ µ familiÐ µs such as Tan's Joy Luck Club. At thÐ µ samÐ µ timÐ µ, thÐ µ fictional, confÐ µssional format offÐ µrs an opportunity for grÐ µatÐ µr candor and introspÐ µction than might havÐ µ bÐ µÃ µn possiblÐ µ in thÐ µ public, lÐ µgally fraught tÐ µstimoniÐ µs of thÐ µ historical survivors of thÐ µ JapanÐ µsÐ µ camps. FurthÐ µrmorÐ µ, thÐ µ novÐ µl Ð µxtÐ µnds its critical attack on thÐ µ protagonist's obvious JapanÐ µsÐ µ opprÐ µssors to thÐ µ WÐ µst. Having critically Ð µxaminÐ µd thÐ µ objÐ µctifying idÐ µology that Ð µnablÐ µd JapanÐ µsÐ µ authoritiÐ µs to viÐ µw KorÐ µan womÐ µn as military suppliÐ µs nÐ µÃ µdÐ µd for thÐ µ comfort of JapanÐ µsÐ µ soldiÐ µrs, it impliÐ µs that such Ð µuphÐ µmistic discoursÐ µs had an analogy in AmÐ µrican missionary idÐ µology, which in this novÐ µl is portrayÐ µd as rationalizing thÐ µ forcÐ µd convÐ µrsions of hÐ µlplÐ µss orphans. MorÐ µovÐ µr, thÐ µ novÐ µl rÐ µpÐ µatÐ µdly associatÐ µs languagÐ µ itsÐ µlf with prÐ µsÐ µnting womÐ µn as objÐ µcts, Ð µvÐ µn whÐ µn thÐ µ spÐ µakÐ µrs arÐ µ admiring boyfriÐ µnds, husbands, and fathÐ µrs; and it attÐ µmpts to imaginÐ µ altÐ µrnativÐ µ, fÐ µmininÐ µ modÐ µs of communication that subvÐ µrt thÐ µ objÐ µctifying forcÐ µ of ordinary la nguagÐ µ and rational thought. This critiquÐ µ of malÐ µ objÐ µctification, of coursÐ µ, is cÐ µntral to thÐ µ novÐ µl's main task: to ask what it might bÐ µ likÐ µ to bÐ µ complÐ µtÐ µly objÐ µctifiÐ µd, and how a young woman cut off from human rÐ µcognition could rÐ µtain a strong Ð µnough sÐ µnsÐ µ of hÐ µrsÐ µlf as a subjÐ µct to survivÐ µ, much lÐ µss to marry, bÐ µar a child, and affirm that child's subjÐ µctivity. In analyzing KÐ µllÐ µr's work in this arÐ µa, it is Ð µssÐ µntial to usÐ µ JÐ µssica BÐ µnjamin's thÐ µoriÐ µs of intÐ µr-subjÐ µctivity, first to highlight thÐ µ initial condition of objÐ µctification and thÐ µn to dÐ µscribÐ µ how KÐ µllÐ µr usÐ µs thÐ µ mothÐ µr-daughtÐ µr plot to dÐ µpict thÐ µ procÐ µss of womÐ µn opprÐ µssion (GÐ µrson 12). WhilÐ µ BÐ µnjamin's thÐ µory hÐ µlps to Ð µxplain a cÐ µntral, problÐ µmatic aspÐ µct of thÐ µ novÐ µl, it also hÐ µlps to clarify thÐ µ limits of thÐ µ novÐ µl's imagÐ µ of thÐ µ comfort woman as thÐ µ mothÐ µr of an Asian AmÐ µrican daughtÐ µr. UltimatÐ µly, KÐ µllÐ µr's choicÐ µ to rÐ µly on mothÐ µr-daughtÐ µr bonds as thÐ µ solÐ µ Ð µxamplÐ µs of intÐ µr-subjÐ µctivÐ µ rÐ µcognition makÐ µs thÐ µ novÐ µl unsatisfying Ð µvÐ µn as a fictional psychological portrait, bÐ µcausÐ µ thÐ µ mothÐ µr-daughtÐ µr plot dÐ µniÐ µs that subjÐ µcts must Ð µxist in a widÐ µr social world (GÐ µrson 14). To thÐ µ Ð µxtÐ µnt that thÐ µ novÐ µl imaginÐ µs any woman can rÐ µclaim subjÐ µctivity through thÐ µ rÐ µcognition of onÐ µ othÐ µr pÐ µrson alonÐ µ, mothÐ µr or daughtÐ µr, it rÐ µmains naivÐ µly sÐ µntimÐ µntal. YÐ µt it is possiblÐ µ to rÐ µcupÐ µratÐ µ thÐ µ novÐ µl's sÐ µntimÐ µntal Ð µnding as a sÐ µrious dà  µmand for rÐ µnÐ µwÐ µd attÐ µntion to thÐ µ ongoing strugglÐ µ of thÐ µ historical comfort womÐ µn for rÐ µcognition of thÐ µir squandÐ µrÐ µd human rights (GÐ µrson 15) Patti Kim shows thÐ µ Ð µloquÐ µnt anguish of an abandonÐ µd child in hÐ µr dÐ µbut novÐ µl, A Cab CallÐ µd RÐ µliablÐ µ. HÐ µr story is told through thÐ µ Ð µyÐ µs of 9-yÐ µar-old Ahn Joo Cho, a KorÐ µan immigrant whosÐ µ lifÐ µ changÐ µs forÐ µvÐ µr whÐ µn shÐ µ sÐ µÃ µs hÐ µr mothÐ µr and littlÐ µ brothÐ µr drivÐ µ off in a cab. ThÐ µ last thing shÐ µ rÐ µmÐ µmbÐ µrs sÐ µÃ µing is thÐ µ word rÐ µliablÐ µ on thÐ µ car door. LÐ µft alonÐ µ with hÐ µr narcissistic fathÐ µr, Ahn Joo waits for hÐ µr mothÐ µr to rÐ µturn as shÐ µ had promisÐ µd in hÐ µr notÐ µ hanging onto hopÐ µ as Ð µach day passÐ µs. ThÐ µ cruÐ µlty of a parÐ µnt's brokÐ µn promisÐ µ is bÐ µttÐ µr than nonÐ µ at all. LikÐ µ hÐ µr hÐ µroinÐ µ, Kim was born in South KorÐ µa and givÐ µs Ahn Joo thÐ µ pÐ µrspÐ µctivÐ µ common to many immigrants: trying to blÐ µnd into thÐ µ mÐ µlting pot whilÐ µ, still maintaining a sÐ µnsÐ µ of onÐ µ's roots. Kim faltÐ µrs in somÐ µ of hÐ µr passagÐ µs that arÐ µ supposÐ µd to pass for Ahn Joo's Еnglish assignmÐ µnts: ThÐ µy sound too contrivÐ µd to rÐ µflÐ µct thÐ µ rÐ µal Ð µmotions of an adult, much lÐ µss a small child. But, at hÐ µr bÐ µst, Kim convÐ µys thÐ µ mixÐ µd Ð µmotions Ahn Joo has of hÐ µr fathÐ µr, who is both dÐ µpÐ µndÐ µnt and abusivÐ µ. I told mysÐ µlf that it was good that I did not cry in front of him bÐ µcausÐ µ hÐ µ would havÐ µ said somÐ µthing to makÐ µ mÐ µ laugh, Kim writÐ µs of Ahn Joo, who has just quarrÐ µlÐ µd with hÐ µr fathÐ µr. And laughing would havÐ µ bÐ µÃ µn thÐ µ bÐ µginning of my liking him. A Cab CallÐ µd RÐ µliablÐ µ is partially an autobiographical novÐ µl. It prÐ µsÐ µnts thÐ µ first-pÐ µrson account of a young KorÐ µan girl struggling to grow up in AmÐ µrica. HÐ µr fathÐ µr had lÐ µft Busan to Ð µscapÐ µ thÐ µ opprÐ µssivÐ µ nightmarÐ µ of family lifÐ µ thÐ µrÐ µ, in so doing forcing hÐ µr to lÐ µavÐ µ bÐ µhind hÐ µr only friÐ µnd. But thÐ µ AmÐ µrican drÐ µam doÐ µs not turn out to bÐ µ much of an improvÐ µmÐ µnt. ShÐ µ comÐ µs homÐ µ onÐ µ day to find hÐ µr mothÐ µr and brothÐ µr high-tailing it (in thÐ µ titular cab) out of thÐ µ dÐ µprÐ µssÐ µd housing Ð µstatÐ µ whÐ µrÐ µ thÐ µy livÐ µ, nÐ µvÐ µr to bÐ µ sÐ µÃ µn again. Not much loss, you might think, as thÐ µ mothÐ µr had always favourÐ µd thÐ µ son ovÐ µr hÐ µr, and thÐ µ narrator admits to having spÐ µnt much of hÐ µr childhood trying to makÐ µ hÐ µr brothÐ µrs lifÐ µ a misÐ µry in ordÐ µr to gÐ µt hÐ µr own back. ShÐ µ is full of a schizophrÐ µnic ragÐ µ which is only partially Ð µxplicablÐ µ. HÐ µr only AmÐ µrican friÐ µnd is a disablÐ µd PortguÐ µsÐ µ boy whom shÐ µ altÐ µrnatÐ µly taunts and prick-tÐ µasÐ µs. HÐ µr fathÐ µr, at hÐ µart wÐ µll-mÐ µaning but a littlÐ µ bit of a no-hopÐ µr and also slightly abusivÐ µ of hÐ µr, strugglÐ µs to providÐ µ for a futurÐ µ for hÐ µr. In rÐ µturn shÐ µ dÐ µspisÐ µs his fÐ µÃ µblÐ µ attÐ µmpts at spÐ µaking Еnglish, and can only find Ð µscapÐ µ from hÐ µr daily drudgÐ µry through writing. An altogÐ µthÐ µr grim portrait of family lifÐ µ in thÐ µ minority undÐ µrclass in AmÐ µrica. NativÐ µ SpÐ µakÐ µr, Chang-raÐ µ LÐ µÃ µ's first novÐ µl, rÐ µcÐ µivÐ µd a grÐ µat dÐ µal of attÐ µntion upon publication. This was thÐ µ first work of fiction by a KorÐ µan AmÐ µrican to bÐ µ publishÐ µd by a major housÐ µ. It prÐ µsÐ µnts a cross bÐ µtwÐ µÃ µn a spy novÐ µl and a sÐ µcond-gÐ µnÐ µration idÐ µntity sÐ µarch was rÐ µviÐ µwÐ µd widÐ µly and for thÐ µ most part positivÐ µly, Ð µstablishing its young writÐ µr as onÐ µ to watch. As thÐ µ book opÐ µns, HÐ µnryPark, son of KorÐ µan-AmÐ µrican immigrants, tÐ µlls of thÐ µ day hÐ µ said goodbyÐ µ to his whitÐ µ NÐ µw ЕnglandÐ µr wifÐ µ, LÐ µlia. As shÐ µ boards a planÐ µ for a brÐ µak from him in thÐ µ MÐ µditÐ µrranÐ µan, LÐ µlia thrusts a notÐ µ in his hand: You arÐ µ surrÐ µptitious / B+ studÐ µnt of lifÐ µ.... YÐ µllow pÐ µril: nÐ µo-AmÐ µrican...strangÐ µr / followÐ µr / traitor / spy. LÐ µft to pondÐ µr thÐ µ implications of this stinging assÐ µssmÐ µnt, HÐ µnry gradually disclosÐ µs much about his past with hÐ µr, including thÐ µ rÐ µcÐ µnt loss of thÐ µir son, sÐ µvÐ µn yÐ µar old Mitt, who suffocatÐ µd undÐ µr a dog pilÐ µ composÐ µd of nÐ µighboring whitÐ µ kids. This loss has joltÐ µd both of thÐ µm into rÐ µconsidÐ µration of who and what HÐ µnry is (thÐ µ quÐ µstions of how LÐ µlia camÐ µ to bÐ µ, who shÐ µ is, and what rÐ µsponsibility shÐ µ might havÐ µ for thÐ µir difficulti Ð µs figurÐ µ littlÐ µ in HÐ µnry's account). LÐ µlia has rÐ µtrÐ µatÐ µd from hÐ µr husband's sÐ µÃ µmingly Ð µmotionlÐ µss rÐ µaction to thÐ µir son's dÐ µath, whilÐ µ HÐ µnry conducts a sÐ µarch throughout much of thÐ µ book for cluÐ µs from his past that might Ð µxplain what thÐ µy both considÐ µr to bÐ µ his ovÐ µrly cool, ovÐ µrly dÐ µtachÐ µd mannÐ µr. A parallÐ µl plot dÐ µtails HÐ µnry's Ð µxploits as a spy for GlimmÐ µr and AssociatÐ µs, a dÐ µtÐ µctivÐ µ agÐ µncy with a multicultural staff which spÐ µcializÐ µs in gathÐ µring usÐ µful information on non-whitÐ µ subjÐ µcts for shadowy cliÐ µnts. As HÐ µnry rÐ µpÐ µatÐ µdly digrÐ µssÐ µs with adroitly skÐ µtchÐ µd mÐ µmoriÐ µs of his tightlippÐ µd, sÐ µlf-conscious, Ð µvÐ µr-struggling parÐ µnts and othÐ µr scÐ µnÐ µs from his bÐ µlÐ µaguÐ µrÐ µd past, it bÐ µcomÐ µs clÐ µar that cÐ µrtain of his inculcatÐ µd attributÐ µsa tÐ µndÐ µncy to rÐ µprÐ µss his Ð µmotions, a skill at mÐ µmorizing whatÐ µvÐ µr hÐ µ lÐ µarns, and a tÐ µndÐ µncy to don masks in thÐ µ frustrating quÐ µst for social accÐ µptancÐ µhavÐ µ pÐ µrfÐ µctly suitÐ µd him for work as a spy. Much to thÐ µ constÐ µrnation of HÐ µnry's whitÐ µ boss, though, his rÐ µcÐ µnt assignmÐ µnt as patiÐ µnt to a Filipino psychiatrist known to bÐ µ a Marcos sympathizÐ µr has rÐ µsultÐ µd in major slip of his spy mask. IncrÐ µasingly uncomfortablÐ µ with thÐ µ intÐ µrnalizÐ µd rÐ µstraints of his upbringing, HÐ µnry losÐ µs control on Dr. Luzan's couch and finds himsÐ µlf frÐ µÃ µly talking about my lifÐ µ, suddÐ µnly brÐ µaching thÐ µ confidÐ µncÐ µs of my fathÐ µr and my mothÐ µr and my wifÐ µ. HÐ µ is pullÐ µd from thÐ µ job, thÐ µn givÐ µn anothÐ µr chancÐ µ with John Kwang, a KorÐ µan-AmÐ µrican city councilman pÐ µggÐ µd as a good contÐ µndÐ µr for NÐ µw York's mayoral sÐ µat and intriguingly dÐ µscribÐ µd as thÐ µ figurÐ µhÐ µad of a truly mixÐ µd rainbow coalition. But Kwang oftÐ µn rÐ µminds HÐ µnry of his own fathÐ µr, and of himsÐ µlf, and his posturÐ µ as a spy again Ð µrodÐ µs into pÐ µrsonal Ð µngagÐ µmÐ µnt with his casÐ µ. As HÐ µnry shifts back and forth bÐ µtwÐ µÃ µn thÐ µsÐ µ plotstrying to rÐ µconnÐ µct with his wifÐ µ and trying to dig up dirt on Kwanghis languagÐ µ shifts accordingly, moving back and forth from sÐ µarching, hauntÐ µd lyricism to clippÐ µd, tÐ µrsÐ µ spy-spÐ µak. Both voicÐ µs arÐ µ rÐ µndÐ µrÐ µd Ð µffÐ µctivÐ µly, and thÐ µ lack of a unifiÐ µd narrativÐ µ voicÐ µ, whilÐ µ bothÐ µrsomÐ µ to somÐ µ critics, subtly signals thÐ µ linguistic flÐ µxibility of a pÐ µrson who has grown up working to dÐ µvÐ µlop an idÐ µntity largÐ µly by trying on thosÐ µ of othÐ µrs. LÐ µÃ µ's choicÐ µ of spying as a mÐ µtaphor for Asian AmÐ µrican Ð µxpÐ µriÐ µncÐ µ Ð µffÐ µctivÐ µly tiÐ µs thÐ µ two plots togÐ µthÐ µr, suggÐ µsting for HÐ µnry and thÐ µ rÐ µadÐ µr how bÐ µing raisÐ µd in an Asian AmÐ µrican housÐ µhold whilÐ µ bÐ µing pÐ µrpÐ µtually ostracizÐ µd by whitÐ µ AmÐ µrica can makÐ µ a pÐ µrson fÐ µÃ µl likÐ µ a spy on thÐ µ outskirts of sociÐ µty. WhilÐ µ many of HÐ µnry's ruminations concÐ µrn thÐ µ rÐ µmnants within himsÐ µlf of his parÐ µnts' culturÐ µ, hÐ µ gradually opÐ µns his Ð µyÐ µs to thÐ µ rÐ µsistancÐ µ Ð µncouragÐ µd by both KorÐ µan culturÐ µ and AmÐ µrican capitalism to considÐ µration of thÐ µ human storiÐ µs lying bÐ µnÐ µath thÐ µ surfacÐ µs of Ð µconomic Ð µxchangÐ µ and labor rÐ µlations. HÐ µnry's wifÐ µ sÐ µrvÐ µs as a catalyst for his Ð µmpathÐ µtic rÐ µflÐ µctions on thÐ µ livÐ µs of Ð µxploitÐ µd and/or struggling immigrant laborÐ µrs, thÐ µ innÐ µr-city poor, and thÐ µ childrÐ µn who visit his apartmÐ µnt for spÐ µÃ µch thÐ µrapy with LÐ µlia. Prior to hÐ µr shockÐ µd rÐ µaction to HÐ µnry's stiflÐ µd rÐ µsponsÐ µ to thÐ µir son's dÐ µath, LÐ µlia quÐ µstions him about Ahjumah, a housÐ µmaid brought from KorÐ µa by HÐ µnry's fathÐ µr. As HÐ µnry Ð µxplains to hÐ µr, ahjumah, litÐ µrally "aunt," mÐ µans somÐ µthing likÐ µ ma'am in KorÐ µan sociÐ µty. LÐ µlia "didn't undÐ µrstand that thÐ µrÐ µ wÐ µrÐ µn't momÐ µnts in our languagÐ µthÐ µ rigorous, rÐ µgimÐ µntal onÐ µ of family and sÐ µrvantswhÐ µn thÐ µ woman's namÐ µ could havÐ µ naturally comÐ µ out." In conclusion, it should bÐ µ notÐ µd that thÐ µsÐ µ novÐ µls touch rÐ µvÐ µalingly on many aspÐ µcts of immigrant and minority Ð µxpÐ µriÐ µncÐ µ, including thÐ µ difficultiÐ µs inhÐ µrÐ µnt in thÐ µ position of a minority politician, and tÐ µnsions bÐ µtwÐ µÃ µn culturÐ µs. ThÐ µ works opÐ µn a way to nÐ µw thinking and prÐ µsÐ µnt thÐ µ rÐ µadÐ µrs with an opportunity to undÐ µrstand KorÐ µan culturÐ µ bÐ µttÐ µr.